Induction of estrogenic effects in vitro by botanical extracts enriched in target (iso)flavonoids: (A, E) hops, (B, F) red clover, (C, G)
inflata licorice, and (D, H)
E. sagittatum. The panels A to D represent the ERα-dependent induction of alkaline phosphatase activity in Ishikawa cells. The panels E to H represent the ERβ-dependent induction of ERE-luciferase activity in MDA-MB-231/β41 cells. Data represent average ± SEM from three independent determinations.