(a).
| Parental bonding style | N | Anxiety | Depression | ||||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| n | Crude OR (95% CI) | p value | Adjusted OR (95% CI) | p value | n | Crude OR (95% CI) | p value | Adjusted OR (95% CI) | p value | ||
| Mother | |||||||||||
| Optimal parenting | 116 | 40 | 1.00 (ref) | — | 1.00 (ref) | — | 41 | 1.00 (ref) | — | 1.00 (ref) | — |
| Affectionate constraint | 98 | 31 | 0.88 (0.50-1.56) | 0.659 | 0.89 (0.46-1.74) | 0.746 | 37 | 1.11 (0.63-1.94) | 0.715 | 1.13 (0.59-2.17) | 0.704 |
| Neglectful parenting | 29 | 11 | 1.16 (0.50-2.70) | 0.728 | 0.72 (0.23-2.22) | 0.568 | 17 | 2.83 (1.21-6.61) | 0.016∗ | 3.24 (1.17-8.96) | 0.024∗ |
| Affectionless control | 71 | 38 | 2.19 (1.20-4.00) | 0.011∗ | 2.48 (1.15-5.33) | 0.020∗ | 53 | 5.39 (2.79-10.38) | 0.001∗ | 7.54 (3.20-17.78) | 0.001∗ |
| Father | |||||||||||
| Optimal parenting | 113 | 36 | 1.00 (ref) | — | 1.00 (ref) | — | 45 | 1.00 (ref) | — | 1.00 (ref) | — |
| Affectionate constraint | 65 | 27 | 1.52 (0.81-2.86) | 0.195 | 1.78 (0.87-3.69) | 0.117 | 30 | 1.28 (0.69-2.37) | 0.438 | 1.56 (0.77-3.14) | 0.215 |
| Neglectful parenting | 68 | 27 | 1.41 (0.75-2.64) | 0.284 | 1.89 (0.89-4.00) | 0.094 | 32 | 1.32 (0.72-2.43) | 0.366 | 1.75 (0.87-3.53) | 0.117 |
| Affectionless control | 65 | 29 | 1.72 (0.92-3.23) | 0.090 | 1.64 (0.73-3.67) | 0.229 | 39 | 2.23 (1.20-4.17) | 0.012∗ | 2.06 (0.93-4.60) | 0.076 |