Table 1.
Demographic and clinical characteristics of the study subjects.
| Variables | T2DM patients not treated with SGLT2is (1) n = 31 | T2DM patients treated with SGLT2is (2) n = 37 | Healthy controls (3) n = 33 | p value |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Male [n (% men)] | 17 (55) | 22 (59) | 7 (21) | <0.01∗ |
| Mean age [years] | 60.0 (42.0-80.0; 95% CI: 56.7-62.7) | 65.0 (39.0-78.0; 95% CI: 60.4-66.1) | 51.0 (40.0-63.0; 95% CI: 49.3-53.2) | <0.001∗∗ |
| Diabetes duration [years] | 6.0 (0.00-20.00; 95% CI: 5.8-10.2) | 13.0 (3.0 – 23.0; 95% CI: 27.8-31.1) | — | <0.01∗∗∗ |
| HbA1c [%] | 7.9 (6.2-11.4; 95% CI; 7.6-8.6) | 7.6 (6.4-10.0; 95% CI: 7.3-7.9) | — | >0.05∗∗∗ |
| BMI [kg/m2] | 29.7 (22.8-42.5; 95% CI: 28.5-31.6) | 28.7 (21.9-52.7; 95% CI: 27.8-31.3) | 26.6 (21.6-30.1; 95% CI: 25.4-27.0) | <0.001∗∗ |
| eGFR [ml/min/1,73m2] | 90.0 (62.3-106.1; 95% CI: 82.3-91.0) | 92.5(62.1.3-113.7; 95% CI: 82.8.-92.6) | 91,n(71.6-115.7; 95% CI: 85.8-93.7) | >0.05∗∗ |
| Urinary albumin concentration [mg/l] | 6.3 (0.2-16.5; 95% CI: 4.9-8.3) | 4.2 (0.8-13.4; 95% CI: 3.8-6.2) | 4.3 (1.2-9.4; 95% CI: 4.0-5.4) | >0.05∗∗∗ |
| Urinary creatinine concentration [g/l] | 0.5 (0.1-0.7; 95% CI: 0.4-0.5) | 0.4 (0.1-0.7; 95% CI: 0.4-0.5) | 0.4 (0.2-0.7; 95% CI: 0.4-0.5) | >0.05∗∗∗ |
| UACR [mg/g] | 13.3 (0.7-25.1; 95% CI: 10.6-15.3) | 11.8 (1.8-21.8; 95% CI: 9.4-12.9) | 10.4 (2.1-15.1; 95% CI: 9.3-11.4) | >0.05∗∗∗ |
| ACEI or ARB [n (%)] | 8 (25.8) | 10 (27.0) | 0 (0) | >0.05∗ |
| Beta-blockers [n (%)] | 4 (12.9) | 5 (13.5) | 0 (0) | >0.05∗ |
| Hypertension [n (%)] | 10 (32.0) | 11 (30.0) | 0 (0) | >0.05∗ |