Table 3.

Discrepancy scores (DS) of self-report and cognitive performance

Discrepancy scores		Patients with ADHD	Controls	Statistics
				MW-U	p	Cohen’s r
Self-report (DS = raw score self-rating – raw score informant-ratingq)
Attention	DS	6.27 ± 11.93	2.80 ± 7.31	712.00	.137	.162
Executive functions	DS	2.77 ± 11.60	3.31 ± 6.70	874.50	.979	.003
Memory	DS	7.41 ± 9.63	4.51 ± 7.61	721.00	.160	.153
Self-report total	DS	16.44 ± 31.82	10.62 ± 19.79	763.50	.306	.112
Neuropsychological test performance (DS = PR postdiction – PR actual performance)
Vigilance RTa	N	22/22/2	16 / 31 / 0
	DS	2.91 ± 28.97	−10.19 ± 29.51	751.50	.011	.263
Vigilance omissionsb	N	31/16/0	21/25/0
	DS	12.81 ± 37.93	1.07 ± 28.22	865.00	.097	.172
Selective attentionc	N	34/12/0	29/17/1
	DS	22.11 ± 26.37	10.32 ± 26.62	799.50	.031	.224
Attention DS	DSd	11.74 ± 24.57	.45 ± 22.44	778.00	.014	.255
Processing speede	N	37/10/0	27/19/1
	DS	21.28 ± 26.53	13.96 ± 31.03	950.00	.243	.121
Cognitive flexibilityf	N	29/18/0	26/21/0
	DS	14.45 ± 30.66	7.53 ± 35.39	967.00	.298	.107
Verbal fluencyg	N	34/12/1	29/18/0
	DS	9.98 ± 16.84	5.13 ± 22.20	981.50	.352	.096
Working memoryh	N	24/21/0−1.96 ± 21.40	27/20/0 2.34 ± 31.21
	D S	−1.96 ± 21.40	2.34 ± 31.21	923.00	.293	.110
Planningi	N	23/22/0	27/20/0
	DS	7.84 ± 29.30	8.70 ± 31.11	1037.50	.876	.016
Executive functions	DSj	10.37 ± 16.45	7.53 ± 18.96	1010.50	.477	.073
Immediate recallk	N	8/36/3	7/39/1
	DS	−20.62 ± 22.75	−21.31 ± 24.78	1074.50	.820	.023
Learningl	N	18/28/1	10/ 32/ 5
	DS	−7.85 ± 28.56	−11.23 ± 20.74	1019.50	.520	.066
Delayed recallm	N	27/20/0	20/ 25/ 2
	DS	−1.02 ± 25.48	−1.09 ± 21.07	1057.00	.719	.037
RecognitionnR	N	22/21/4	30/14/3
	DS	2.17 ± 27.08	6.19 ± 25.18	981.50	.352	.096
Memory	DSo	−6.83 ± 19.83	−6.86 ± 13.21	1089.00	.907	.012
Test performance total	DSp	5.09 ± 14.95	.37 ± 13.69	889.50	.104	.168

DS (Self-report) = raw score self-rating – raw score informant-rating; DS (Neuropsychological test performance) = percentile rank postdiction – percentile rank actual performance; N = Number of participants overestimating/ underestimating/ perfect estimating; Bold = significant at p < 0.05

^aAge based percentile rank (PR) mean reaction time in ms in the vigilance task (WAFV); ^bPR of the total number of omission errors in the vigilance task (WAFV), ^cPR mean reaction time in ms in the selective attention task (WAFS); ^dComputed by averaging across all attention DS; ^ePR total response time in seconds in the Trail Making Test Part A (TMT-A); ^fPR total response time in seconds in the Trail Making Test Part B (TMT-B); ^gPR sum of correctly produced words in the verbal fluency test (RWT); ^hPR sum of correctly identified letters on the N-Back task (N-Back); ⁱPR composite score based on optimally solved items in the Tower of London test (TOL); ^jComputed by averaging across all executive functioning DS; ^kPR number of correctly recalled words on the first trial on the verbal learning test (VLMT); ^lPR sum of correctly recalled words across the first five trials on the VLMT; ^mPR number of correctly recalled words on the seventh trial on the VLMT; ⁿPR number of correctly identified words on the recognition part of the VLMT ^oComputed by averaging across all memory DS; ^pComputed by averaging across the domain DS; ^qFor the self-report N = 45, for informant report N = 39, thus 39 discrepancy scores were calculated