Skip to main content
. 2021 Mar 1;32(7):1825–1832. doi: 10.1007/s00192-021-04700-6

Table 2.

Obstetric and birth characteristics among 407 women in Sweden, 1-year postpartuma

Minor injury (none to first degree) n = 85 Second degree n = 307 Severe injury (third to fourth degree) n = 15
Induction of labour
  Spontaneous 70 (82.4) 262 (85.6) 13 (86.7)
  Induction 15 (17.6) 44 (14.4) 2 (13.3)
  Epidural analgesia 53 (62.4) 171 (55.7) 8 (53.3)
  Oxytocin during active second stage 6 (7.1) 33 (10.7) 2 (13.3)
Passive second stage (min)
  <180 min 80 (95.2) 262 (90.0)* 9 (69.2)
  >180 min 4 (4.8) 29 (10.0) 4 (30.8)
Active second stage (min)
  <60 min 83 (98.8) 280 (96.2) 12 (92.3)
  >60 min 1 (1.2) 11 (3.8) 1 (7.7)
Birth position
  Upright 31 (36.5) 118 (38.4) 6 (40.0)
  Supine 54 (63.5) 189 (61.6) 9 (60.0)
Presentation
  OAP 82 (96.5) 297 (96.7) 14 (93.3)
  Non-OAP 3 (3.5) 10 (3.3) 1 (6.7)
Birth weight (g) 3,458.5 ± 376.2 3,499.0 ± 400.0 3,684.8 ± 509.2
Head circumference (cm) 34.6 ± 1.3 34.8 ± 1.4 34.8 ± 1.4
  >35 cm 39 (45.9) 160 (52.1) 7 (46.7)

Values presented as numbers (%) or mean (±SD)

*p value <0.05 based on Chi-squared test for dichotomous variables, t test for normally distributed continuous variables and the Mann–Whitney U test for ordinal or non-normally distributed variables; comparing minor injury with second-degree injury

a Total number less than 407 indicates missing data