Table 3.
Changes in frequencies of psychiatric disorders with comorbid somatic disorders and pain from T1 to T2
| Any psychiatric disorder | Anxiety disorders | Mood disorders | ADHD | Other psychiatric disorders | |||||||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| T1 | T2 | RDa % (95% CI) p value |
T1 | T2 | RD % (95% CI) p value |
T1 | T2 | RD % (95% CI) p value |
T1 | T2 | RD % (95% CI) p value |
T1 | T2 | RD % (95% CI) p value |
|
| Total (n = 464) | |||||||||||||||
| Comorbid somatic disorder | |||||||||||||||
|
n/ndisorderb (%) n/ntotalc (%) |
81/440 (18.4) | 85/335 (25.4) | 33/147 (22.5) | 59/186 (31.7) | 21/99 (21.2) | 24/77 (31.2) | 31/203 (15.3) | 46/192 (24.0) | 20/120 (16.7) | 27/107 (25.2) | |||||
| 81/464 (17.5) | 85/464 (18.3) |
0.8 (− 3.8, 5.5) 0.713 |
33/464 (7.1) | 59/464 (12.7) |
5.6 (2.0, 9.3) 0.003 |
21/464 (4.5) | 24/464 (5.2) |
0.7 (− 2.0, 3.3) 0.612 |
31/463 (6.7) | 46/463 (9.9) |
3.2 (− 0.2, 6.7) 0.059 |
20/464 (4.3) | 27/464 (5.8) |
1.5 (− 1.3, 4.4) 0.274 |
|
| Chronic paind | |||||||||||||||
|
n/ndisorder (%) n/ntotal (%) |
304/438 (69.4) | 225/330 (68.2) | 108/147 (73.5) | 147/185 (79.5) | 79/99 (79.8) | 71/76 (93.4) | 135/202 (66.8) | 122/188 (64.9) | 74/120 (61.7) | 70/106 (66.0) | |||||
| 304/462 (65.8) | 225/456 (49.3) |
− 16.5 (− 21.0, − 11.0) < 0.001 |
108/463 (23.3) | 147/463 (31.8) |
8.5 (3.1, 13.7) 0.002 |
79/464 (17.0) | 71/463 (15.3) |
− 1.7 (− 5.8, 2.3) 0.400 |
135/462 (29.2) | 122/461 (26.5) |
− 2.7 (− 7.2, 2.0) 0.261 |
74/464 (16.0) | 70/463 (15.1) |
− 0.9 (− 4.6, 3.3) 0.745 |
|
| Multisite paine | |||||||||||||||
|
n/ndisorder (%) n/ntotal (%) |
171/435 (39.3) | 141/329 (42.9) | 68/145 (46.9) | 103/185 (55.7) | 56/99 (56.6) | 51/76 (67.1) | 71/201 (35.3) | 67/187 (35.8) | 39/120 (32.5) | 45/106 (42.5) | |||||
| 171/459 (37.3) | 141/455 (31.0) |
− 6.3 (− 13.3, − 2.1) 0.008 |
68/462 (14.7) | 103/463 (22.3) |
7.6 (3.1, 12.1) 0.001 |
56/464 (12.1) | 51/463 (11.0) |
− 1.1 (− 4.7, 2.5) 0.553 |
71/461 (15.4) | 67/462 (14.5) |
− 0.9 (− 4.5, 3.1) 0.732 |
39/464 (8.4) | 45/463 (9.7) |
1.3 (− 1.7, 4.3) 0.386 |
|
| Girls (n = 256) | |||||||||||||||
| Comorbid somatic disorder | |||||||||||||||
|
n/ndisorder (%) n/ntotal (%) |
53/245 (21.6) | 57/191 (29.8) | 24/96 (25.0) | 50/143 (35.0) | 17/82 (20.7) | 22/66 (33.3) | 14/83 (16.9) | 25/91 (27.5) | 11/52 (21.2) | 18/50 (36.0) | |||||
| 53/256 (20.7) | 57/256 (22.3) |
1.6 (− 5.1, 8.2) 0.642 |
24/256 (9.4) | 50/256 (19.5) |
10.1 (4.3, 16.1) 0.001 |
17/256 (6.6) | 22/256 (8.6) |
2.0 (− 2.3, 6.3) 0.353 |
14/255 (5.5) | 25/255 (9.8) |
4.3 (− 0.2, 9.0) 0.056 |
11/256 (4.3) | 18/256 (7.0) |
2.7 (− 1.1, 6.8) 0.144 |
|
| Chronic pain | |||||||||||||||
|
n/ndisorder (%) n/ntotal (%) |
202/245 (82.5) | 158/189 (83.6) | 81/96 (84.4) | 126/142 (88.7) | 69/82 (84.2) | 63/65 (96.9) | 69/83 (83.1) | 74/89 (83.2) | 42/52 (80.8) | 41/50 (82.0) | |||||
| 202/256 (78.9) | 158/254 (62.2) |
− 16.7 (− 46.8, − 21.5) < 0.001 |
81/256 (31.6) | 126/255 (49.4) |
17.8 (9.5, 25.4) < 0.001 |
69/256 (27.0) | 63/255 (24.7) |
− 2.3 (− 9.0, 4.3) 0.486 |
69/256 (27.0) | 74/255 (29.0) |
2.0 (− 3.4, 7.3) 0.466 |
42/256 (16.4) | 41/256 (16.0) |
− 0.4 (− 5.9, 5.1) 0.886 |
|
| Multisite pain | |||||||||||||||
|
n/ndisorder (%) n/ntotal (%) |
131/243 (53.9) | 114/189 (60.3) | 56/94 (59.6) | 94/142 (66.2) | 53/82 (64.6) | 47/65 (72.3) | 46/83 (55.4) | 49/89 (55.1) | 23/52 (44.2) | 34/50 (68.0) | |||||
| 131/254 (51.6) | 114/254 (44.9) |
− 6.7 (− 17.6, 0.8) 0.074 |
56/254 (22.1) | 94/255 (36.9) |
14.8 (7.7, 22.1) < 0.001 |
53/256 (20.7) | 47/255 (18.4) |
− 2.3 (− 8.6, 3.9) 0.453 |
46/256 (18.0) | 49/255 (19.2) |
1.2 (− 3.9, 7.1) 0.572 |
23/256 (9.0) | 34/256 (13.3) |
4.3 (− 0.2, 8.9) 0.055 |
|
| Boys (n = 208) | |||||||||||||||
| Comorbid somatic disorder | |||||||||||||||
|
n/ndisorder (%) n/ntotal (%) |
28/195 (14.4) | 28/144 (19.4) | 9/51 (17.6) | 9/43 (20.9) | 4/17 (23.5) | 2/11 (18.2) | 17/121 (14.0) | 21/101 (20.8) | 9/68 (13.2) | 9/57 (15.8) | |||||
| 28/208 (13.5) | 28/208 (13.5) |
0 (− 6.4, 6.4) 1 |
9/208 (4.3) | 9/208 (4.3) |
0 (− 4.0, 4.0) 1 |
4/208 (1.9) | 2/208 (1.0) |
− 0.9 (− 4.0, 1.8) 0.414 |
17/208 (8.2) | 21/208 (10.1) |
1.9 (− 3.5, 7.4) 0.465 |
9/208 (4.3) | 9/208 (4.3) |
0 (− 4.3, 4.3) 1 |
|
| Chronic pain | |||||||||||||||
|
n/ndisorder (%) n/ntotal (%) |
102/193 (52.9) | 67/141 (47.5) | 27/51 (52.9) | 21/43 (48.8) | 10/17 (58.8) | 8/11 (72.7) | 66/119 (55.5) | 48/99 (48.5) | 32/68 (47.1) | 29/56 (51.8) | |||||
| 102/206 (49.5) | 67/202 (33.2) |
− 16.3 (− 29.0, − 9.3) < 0.001 |
27/208 (13.0) | 21/208 (10.1) |
− 2.9 (− 9.1, 3.3) 0.355 |
10/208 (4.8) | 8/208 (3.9) |
− 0.9 (− 5.2, 3.2) 0.617 |
66/206 (32.0) | 48/206 (23.3) |
− 8.7 (− 16.1, − 0.5) 0.038 |
32/208 (15.4) | 29/207 (14.0) |
− 1.4 (− 6.8, 4.9) 0.739 |
|
| Multisite pain | |||||||||||||||
|
n/ndisorder (%) n/ntotal (%) |
40/192 (20.8) | 27/140 (19.3) | 12/51 (23.5) | 9/43 (20.9) | 3/17 (17.7) | 4/11 (36.4) | 25/118 (21.2) | 18.98 (18.4) | 16/68 (23.5) | 11/56 (19.6) | |||||
| 40/205 (19.5) | 27/201 (13.4) |
− 6.1 (− 7.4, − 0.4) 0.029 |
12/208 (5.8) | 9/208 (4.3) |
− 1.5 (− 6.0, 3.0) 0.491 |
3/208 (1.4) | 4/208 (1.9) |
0.5 (− 2.5, 3.6) 0.705 |
25/205 (12.2) | 18/207 (8.7) |
− 3.5 (− 8.7, 1.7) 0.178 |
16/208 (7.7) | 11/207 (5.3) |
− 2.4 (− 6.6, 1.5) 0.197 |
|
Newcombe confidence intervals and McNemar asymptotic p values are based on paired data displayed in Supplementary Material Table S7
Psychiatric disorder includes both primary and additional diagnoses, based on only complete case (diagnostic assessment at both T1 and T2)
Comorbid somatic disorder includes all patients with somatic disorders that require regular controls
aRD is risk difference, the difference between the proportions of patients with psychiatric disorder or comorbid psychiatric disorder at T2 compared with T1
bn/ndisorder means that there are (n) numbers of patients with comorbid somatic disorder among the patients with the actual psychiatric disorder
cn/ntotal means that there are (n) numbers of patients with comorbid somatic disorder among the total sample of patients
dChronic pain was defined as pain occurring at least once a week in the last 3 months, not related to any known disease or injury
eMultisite pain was defined as having chronic pain in three locations or more