Table 4.
Hazard ratios and 95% confidence intervals (CIs) for associations between douching and genital talc use and incident cervical cancer (n = 48,509).
| Person-time (years)a | Non-cases; N(%) N = 48,478b | Incident cervical cancer cases, N(%) N = 31b | Age-adjusted hazard ratio (95% CI) | Adjusted hazard ratioc (95% CI) | Fully-adjusted hazard ratioc,d (95% CI) | |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Ever douchede | ||||||
| No | 378,771 | 40,495 (84) | 20 (67) | 1.00 | 1.00 | 1.00 |
| Yes | 70,421 | 7612 (16) | 10 (33) | 2.66 (1.25, 5.65) | 2.64 (1.15, 6.09) | 2.45 (1.06, 5.69) |
| Douched in year prior to enrollment | ||||||
| No | 389,309 | 41,547 (86) | 21 (67) | 1.00 | 1.00 | 1.00 |
| Yes | 59,628 | 6534 (14) | 9 (33) | 2.76 (1.28, 5.98) | 2.72 (1.16, 6.35) | 2.56 (1.10, 5.99) |
| Ever genital talc usee | ||||||
| No | 316,215 | 34,139 (72) | 19 (66) | 1.00 | 1.00 | 1.00 |
| Yes | 125,045 | 13,306 (28) | 10 (34) | 1.34 (0.62, 2.88) | 1.39 (0.67, 2.89) | 1.38 (0.66, 2.86) |
| Genital talc use in year prior to enrollment | ||||||
| No | 375,282 | 40,394 (85) | 22 (76) | 1.00 | 1.00 | 1.00 |
| Yes | 65,804 | 7031 (15) | 7 (24) | 1.81 (0.78, 4.24) | 1.80 (0.78, 4.16) | 1.79 (0.78, 4.11) |
Missing: ever douched (n = 371 non-cases, 1 case), douched in the year prior to enrollment (397 non-cases, 1 case), ever genital talc use (n = 1,033 non-cases, 2 cases), genital talc use in the year prior to enrollment (1,053 non-cases, 2 cases).
aStarting at baseline (i.e. enrollment into Sister Study).
bParticipants with complete confounder information. Pre-baseline cases excluded from the analysis (n = 518).
cWith age as the primary time scale, starting at age at baseline, with censoring at age at end of follow-up, loss to follow-up or death, whichever occurred first. Adjusted for race/ethnicity (Non-Hispanic White, other), education (yes/no completed college), body mass index (continuous), and age at menarche (continuous).
dAdditionally adjusted for marital status (ever/never married), age at first pregnancy (nulligravid, < 20, ≥ 20), ever induced abortion, hormonal birth control use (< 2 years, ≥ 2 years), alcohol use (never/former drinker, current drinker), smoking status (ever, never), ever diagnosed with genital warts, another sexually transmitted infection (gonorrhea, herpes, or chlamydia) or pelvic inflammatory disease (yes or no).
eSelf-reported using douche or genital talc during ages 10–13 or in the year prior to baseline.