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. Author manuscript; available in PMC: 2022 Sep 1.
Published in final edited form as: Am J Surg. 2021 Jan 22;222(3):619–624. doi: 10.1016/j.amjsurg.2021.01.026

Figure 1.

Figure 1.

Frail Veterans undergoing open inguinal hernia repair with local and general anesthesia were selected from the Veterans Affairs Surgical Quality Improvement Program database from 1998–2018.