TABLE 4.
Sensitivities, specificities, and areas under the curve (AUC) for optimum cutoff concentrations to predict disease (AKI due to other causes, leptospirosis without or with LPHS) and a negative outcome in dogs with leptospirosis without LPHS or with leptospiral pulmonary hemorrhage syndrome
| Outcome | AUC (95% CI) | Cutoff | Sensitivity (95% CI) | Specificity (95% CI) | Z‐value (AUC > 0.5) | P value |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Healthy vs diseased (AKI‐nL/Lepto/LPHS) | ||||||
| sICAM‐1 (ng/mL) | 0.86 (0.74‐0.93) | 25.1 | 0.87 (0.73‐0.96) | 0.81 (0.63‐0.93) | 8.0 | .0 |
| VEGF (pg/mL) | 0.88 (0.77‐0.93) | 13.9 | 0.80 (0.64‐0.91) | 0.97 (0.83‐1.0) | 9.4 | .0 |
| Ang‐2 (ng/mL) | 0.81 (0.68‐0.89) | 8.3 | 0.53 (0.35‐0.7) | 0.90 (0.74‐0.98) | 5.8 | .0 |
| Leptospirosis vs AKI‐nL | ||||||
| sICAM‐1 (ng/mL) | 0.61 (0.38‐0.77) | 43.5 | 0.7 (0.47‐0.87) | 0.63 (0.34‐0.85) | 1.1 | .14 |
| VEGF (pg/mL) | 0.51 (0.3‐0.67) | 25.8 | 0.82 (0.6‐0.95) | 0.3 (0.13‐0.59) | 0.1 | .47 |
| Ang‐2 (ng/mL) | 0.55 (0.32‐0.73) | 5.2 | 0.95 (0.76‐1.0) | 0.23 (0.05‐0.54) | 0.5 | .31 |
| LPHS vs Lepto | ||||||
| sICAM‐1 (ng/mL) | 0.72 (0.43‐0.88) | 68.4 | 0.57 (0.29‐0.82) | 1.0 (0.66‐1.0) | 2.0 | .02 |
| VEGF (pg/mL) | 0.62 (0.32‐0.81) | 49.6 | 0.57 (0.29‐0.82) | 0.75 (0.35‐0.97) | 1.0 | .17 |
| Ang‐2 (ng/mL) | 0.35 (0.09‐0.57) | — | — | — | −1.2 | .88 |
| Death or euthanasia in dogs with Lepto or LPHS | ||||||
| sICAM‐1 (ng/mL) | 0.93 (0.71‐0.99) | 73.4 | 1.0 (0.4‐1.0) | 0.9 (0.67‐1.0) | 8.3 | .0 |
| VEGF (pg/mL) | 0.97 (0.73‐1.0) | 87.1 | 1.0 (0.4‐1.0) | 0.9 (0.66‐1.0) | 14.0 | .0 |
| Ang‐2 (ng/mL) | 0.52 (0.06‐0.84) | 34.1 | 0.33 (0.01‐0.91) | 0.94 (0.73‐1.0) | 0.1 | .47 |
Abbreviations: AKI, acute kidney injury; AKI‐nL, acute kidney injury due to other etiologies; CI, confidence interval; Lepto, leptospirosis without leptospiral pulmonary hemorrhage syndrome; LPHS, leptospiral pulmonary hemorrhage syndrome; sICAM‐1, soluble intercellular adhesion molecule‐1; VEGF, vascular endothelial growth factor.