Table 1.

Examples of Stata, R, and SAS Functions that can fit Multivariate Generalized Linear Mixed-Effects Models

	Common Link	Stata				R			SAS
Distribution	Functions Supported	mixeda,b	gsem	merlin	gllamm	lme a	merlin	MCMCglmm	glimmix
Gaussian	Identity, log	✓	✓	✓	✓	✓	✓	✓	✓
Gamma	Identity			✓		✓	✓		✓
Gamma	Log		✓	✓	✓	✓	✓		✓
Binomial	Logit, probit		✓	✓	✓	✓	✓	✓	✓
Poisson	Log		✓	✓	✓	✓	✓	✓	✓
User defined				✓			✓

^aImplemented via a wrapper function that calls mixed or lme as described in Supplementary Appendix A.

^bA wrapper function to fit non-Gaussian models using the Stata mixed command is currently under development.