Table 5.
Adjusted RRs of COVID-19 associated with 1-µg/m3 increase in PM2.5 by facemask policy and by stay home policy.
| RR (95% CI) (95% CI with Robust SE) |
|||
|---|---|---|---|
| Surge 1 (as of 28 May 2020) 4 | Surge 2 (between 28 May 2020 and 12 September 2020) 5 | Cumulative (as of 12 September 2020) 5 | |
| Face mask policy 1 | |||
| Never issued | 1.0426 (1.0144, 1.0717) (0.9645, 1.1270) |
1.0417 (1.0165, 1.0675) (0.9905, 1.0955) |
1.0547 (1.0293, 1.0807) (1.0109, 1.1004) |
| Ever issued | 1.0854 (1.0327, 1.1407) (0.9817, 1.2000) |
1.1161 (1.0958, 1.1368) (1.0640, 1.1708) |
1.0852 (1.0673, 1.1034) (1.0420, 1.1301) |
| Stay home policy | |||
| Never issued 2 | 1.4050 (1.2885, 1.5319) (1.2961, 1.5230) |
1.1056 (1.0406, 1.1746) (1.0478, 1.1665) |
1.1543 (1.0870, 1.2257) (1.1016, 1.2095) |
| Ever issued 3 | 1.0186 (0.9947, 1.0431) (0.9565, 1.0848) |
1.0970 (1.0803, 1.1140) (1.0441, 1.1526) |
1.0798 (1.0648, 1.0949) (1.0386, 1.1226) |
1 Model 1 adjusts for population density, poverty, education, proportions of African Americans, proportions of Hispanic Americans, owner occupied property, median house value, median household income, smoking prevalence, obesity prevalence, population over 65 years old, gender, days since first case reported, total test results, duration of safer at home policy, and reopening status. 2 Model 2 adjusts for population density, poverty, education, proportions of African Americans, proportions of Hispanic Americans, owner occupied property, median house value, median household income, smoking prevalence, obesity prevalence, population over 65 years old, gender, days since first case reported, total test results, facemask policy, and reopening status. 3 Model 3 adjusts for all covariates in model 2 + duration of safer at home. 4 State stay-home order and facemask mandates ever issued before 28 May 2020. 5 State stay-home order and facemask mandates ever issued before 12 September 2020.