Table 2.
Between-group comparisons of neck flexor endurance time, hand grip, and pinch strength.
| Smartphone-Addicted Group | Non-Smartphone-Addicted Group | |||
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Mean ± SD | Mean ± SD | MD (95% CI) | p Value | |
| Flexor endurance time (s) | 14.45 ± 3.95 | 20.3 ± 2.84 | −5.85 (−8.05, −3.64) | 0.001 |
| Hand grip strength (kg) | ||||
| Dominant hand | 21.85 ± 5.2 | 24.4 ± 4.82 | −2.55 (−5.76, 0.66) | 0.11 |
| Non-dominant hand | 20.05 ±4.97 | 21.35 ± 3.82 | −1.3 (−4.14, 1.54) | 0.36 |
| Pinch grip strength (kg) | ||||
| Dominant hand | 4.25 ± 1.11 | 4.6 ± 1.09 | −0.35 (−1.05, 0.35) | 0.32 |
| Non-dominant hand | 3.45 ± 0.75 | 3.65 ± 0.93 | −0.2 (−0.74, 0.35) | 0.46 |
mean; SD, standard deviation; MD, mean difference; CI, confidence interval; p value, level of significance.