Table 1.

Characteristics of the study participants.

Variable		T1 Total Sample n = 584	EPDS Score (SD)	p Value	T2 Total Sample n = 204	EPDS Score (SD)	p-Value
Age (years)	Mean (SD) Range	30.6 (±4.9) 16–44	-	-	30.9 (±4.8) 20–44	-	-
Education	Primary Secondary Tertiary Missing	13 (2.3%) 229 (39.7%) 334 (57.9%) 1 (0.2%)	4.0 (±3.1) 5.1 (±4.2) 5.4 (±4.5)	0.41	1 (0.5%) 62 (31.3%) 135 (68.2%)	4.0 (-) 6.3 (±5.3) 6.2 (±4.8)	0.90
Parity	Primipara Multipara Missing	343 (59.4%) 229 (39.7%) 5 (0.9%)	5.6 (±4.6) 4.7 (±3.8)	0.05	115 (58.1%) 81 (40.9%) 2 (1%)	6.4 (±4.9) 5.8 (±4.9)	0.44
Preterm birth	Yes No Missing	119 (20.6%) 457 (79.2%) 1 (0.2%)	5.8 (±4.1) 5.1 (±4.4)	0.14	40 (20.2%) 158 (79.8%)	5.8 (±4.6) 6.3 (±5.0)	0.50
Type of birth	Vaginal Operative	424 (73.5%) 153 (26.5%)	4.8 (±4.2) 6.5 (±4.4)	0.001	157 (79.3%) 41 (20.7%)	6.2 (±4.8) 6.5 (±4.5)	0.68
Chronic health conditions in anamnesis	Yes No	52 (9.0%) 522 (90.5%) 3 (0.5%)	5.9 (±5.9) 5.2 (±4.2)	0.27	19 (9.6%) 179 (90.4%)	6.4 (±4.9) 6.2 (±5.0)	0.88
Perinatal loss in anamnesis	Yes No Missing	127 (22.0%) 448 (77.6%) 2 (0.3%)	5.2 (±3.8) 5.3 (±4.5)	0.85	41 (20.7%) 157 (79.3%)	6.1 (±4.9) 6.2 (±4.7)	0.90
Support person during labor	Yes No Missing	402 (69.7%) 174 (30.2%) 1 (0.2%)	5.2 (±4.3) 5.3 (±4.6)	0.86	145 (73.2%) 53 (26.8%)	6.3 (±4.6) 6.0 (±5.8)	0.77
History of psychiatric disorder	Yes No	27 (4.7%) 550 (95.3%)	8.8 (±6.1) 5.1 (±4.2)	0.001	7 (3.5%) 191 (96.5%)	11.3 (±4.6) 6.0 (±4.8)	0.05
Risk of major depression	EPDS score ≥ 13 EPDS score ˂ 13	35 (6.1%) 542 (93.9%)	-	-	23 (11.6%) 175 (88.4%)	-	-
Elevated depressive symptoms	EPDS score ≥ 10 EPDS score ˂ 10	96 (16.7%) 481 (83.4%)	-	-	45 (22.7%) 153 (77.3%)	-	-
Zung self-rated depression scale	No signs of depression Minimal signs of depression Moderate signs of depression Severe signs of depression				153 (77.3%) 35 (17.6% 10 (5.1%) -	-	-