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. 2021 Jun 20;18(12):6627. doi: 10.3390/ijerph18126627

Table 3.

Comparatives for coping strategies and early maladaptive schemes scores across the decisions facing body shaming.

Scales Subscales Group Number Mean Standard Deviation Test Statistic Degrees of Freedom p Effect Size
Coping Strategies Problem-solving Assertive 48 34.521 8.359 Student 1.044 64 0.301 0.288
Avoidant 18 32.167 7.587 Mann–Whitney 470.000 0.589 0.088
Social support seeking Assertive 48 19.542 7.529 Student −2.080 64 0.041 −0.575
Avoidant 18 23.667 6.088 Mann–Whitney 283.000 0.032 −0.345
Wishful thinking * Assertive 48 19.521 8.968 Student −1.620 64 0.110 −0.448
Avoidant 18 23.500 8.665 Mann–Whitney 313.000 0.087 −0.275
Religious coping Assertive 48 25.313 8.177 Student −1.577 64 0.120 −0.436
Avoidant 18 28.667 6.183 Mann–Whitney 324.500 0.123 −0.249
Emotional distancing Assertive 48 22.729 7.629 Student −1.487 64 0.142 −0.411
Avoidant 18 25.722 6.229 Mann–Whitney 294.000 0.047 −0.319
Professional support seeking * Assertive 48 10.604 5.511 Student −2.214 64 0.030 −0.612
Avoidant 18 14.000 5.657 Mann–Whitney 263.500 0.015 −0.390
Overt emotional expression * Assertive 48 10.604 3.880 Student −2.953 64 0.004 −0.816
Avoidant 18 14.111 5.279 Mann–Whitney 261.500 0.014 −0.395
Avoidance coping * Assertive 48 14.854 4.649 Student −1.289 64 0.202 −0.356
Avoidant 18 16.556 5.113 Mann–Whitney 314.000 0.089 −0.273
Positive reappraisal * Assertive 48 19.063 4.844 Studen 1.602 64 0.114 0.443
Avoidant 18 17.000 4.102 Mann–Whitney 519.000 0.211 0.201
Expression of coping difficulty Assertive 48 10.479 3.753 Student −2.430 64 0.018 −0.672
Avoidant 18 12.889 3.085 Mann–Whitney 236.000 0.005 −0.454
Negative auto-focused coping * Assertive 48 7.250 2.236 Student −2.399 64 0.019 −0.663
Avoidant 18 8.944 3.280 Mann–Whitney 297.500 0.051 −0.311
Autonomy * Assertive 48 5.625 2.614 Student 0.730 64 0.468 0.202
Avoidant 18 5.111 2.349 Mann–Whitney 473.000 0.556 0.095
Early Maladaptive Schemes Emotional deprivation * Assertive 48 12.389 5.293 Student −2.126 64 0.037 −0.588
Avoidant 18 10.708 4.807 Mann–Whitney 306.000 0.070 −0.292
Abandonment/Deprivation * Assertive 48 12.833 5.544 Student −1.307 64 0.196 −0.361
Avoidant 18 9.771 4.581 Mann–Whitney 340.500 0.189 −0.212
Mistrust/Abuse Assertive 48 11.722 6.153 Student −1.367 64 0.176 −0.378
Avoidant 18 12.000 5.336 Mann–Whitney 328.500 0.136 −0.240
Defectiveness/Shame * Assertive 48 11.667 4.215 Student −2.324 64 0.023 −0.642
Avoidant 18 12.271 5.592 Mann–Whitney 288.500 0.038 −0.332
Social isolation/Alienation * Assertive 48 13.778 5.082 Studen −1.534 64 0.130 −0.424
Avoidant 18 10.188 4.532 Mann–Whitney 331.500 0.148 −0.233
Failure to achieve * Assertive 48 13.222 6.422 Student −1.399 64 0.167 −0.387
Avoidant 18 9.958 4.767 Mann–Whitney 358.000 0.285 −0.171
Dependency/Incompetence * Assertive 48 12.556 5.238 Student 0.238 64 0.812 0.066
Avoidant 18 17.208 5.375 Mann–Whitney 428.000 0.960 −0.009
Vulnerability to harm * Assertive 48 16.222 5.579 Student −0.998 64 0.322 −0.276
Avoidant 18 10.563 4.649 Mann–Whitney 353.000 0.257 −0.183
Attachment * Assertive 48 11.889 5.016 Student −2.152 64 0.035 −0.595
Avoidant 18 15.854 5.535 Mann–Whitney 317.500 0.099 −0.265
Subjugation * Assertive 48 14.389 4.565 Student −1.919 64 0.059 −0.530
Avoidant 18 14.104 5.337 Mann–Whitney 304.000 0.065 −0.296
Self-sacrifice Assertive 48 13.611 4.434 Student 0.657 64 0.513 0.182
Avoidant 18 11.854 5.036 Mann–Whitney 470.500 0.584 0.089
Emotional inhibition * Assertive 48 13.111 4.993 Student −1.010 64 0.316 −0.279
Avoidant 18 12.389 5.293 Mann–Whitney 359.000 0.295 −0.169
Unrelenting standards Assertive 48 10.708 4.807 Student 1.001 64 0.320 0.277
Avoidant 18 12.833 5.544 Mann–Whitney 491.000 0.398 0.137
Entitlement/Grandiosity Assertive 48 9.771 4.581 Student 0.349 64 0.728 0.096
Avoidant 18 11.722 6.153 Mann–Whitney 433.500 0.988 0.003
Insufficient self-control * Assertive 48 12.000 5.336 Student −0.905 64 0.369 −0.250
Avoidant 18 11.667 4.215 Mann–Whitney 371.500 0.386 −0.140

Note: * The test of normality showed significant results (p < 0.001). We used the test of Mann–Whitney to analyze differences for these cases. Bold indicates significant differences between groups. All the comparisons were set at p ≤ 0.05. For the Student’s t-test, the effect size is given by Cohen’s d, and for the Mann–Whitney test, by the rank biserial correlation.