Table 1. Comparison of the Analytical Performance of Different Methods and Materials for the Detection of Pb Ions.
| detection method | materials | LOD | refs |
|---|---|---|---|
| differential pulse voltammetry | MOFs HKUST-1 | 2 nmol/L | (50) |
| cyclic voltammetry | MOF-177 | 4 nmol/L | (51) |
| anodic stripping voltammetry | copper | 21 nmol/L | (52) |
| differential pulse voltammetry | polypyrrole NPs | 55 nmol/L | (53) |
| differential pulse stripping voltammetry | graphene aerogel/MOF composites | 1.5 nmol/L | (54) |
| square wave anodic stripping voltammetry | rGO/graphite-C3N4 composite | 1.07 pmol/L | (55) |
| impedance spectroscopy | PEI-CNTs/GO | 36 pmol/L | this work |
| amperometry technique | 78 nmol/L | this work | |
| potentiometry stripping analysis | 25 μmol/L | this work |