Table 1.
Associations between chronic stress or sleeping habits and self-reported IBS
| No IBS N = 2332 (88.1%) | IBS N = 316 (11.9%) | Crude OR 95% CI | P-value | Adjusted OR 95% CI | P-value | |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Chronic stress 1 year | ||||||
| No (reference) | 58.6 | 43.4 | 1.000 | 1.000 | ||
| Yes | 41.0 | 56.6 | 1.868 (1.474–2.369) | < 0.001 | 1.612 (1.252–2.076) | < 0.001 |
| Missing | 0.4 | |||||
| Chronic stress 5 years | ||||||
| No (reference) | 64.1 | 47.5 | 1.000 | 1.000 | ||
| Yes | 35.2 | 52.2 | 2.002 (1.579–2.537) | < 0.001 | 1.786 (1.387–2.301) | < 0.001 |
| Missing | 0.7 | 0.3 | ||||
| Sleeping quality | ||||||
| Very good (reference) | 28.1 | 19.6 | 1.000 | 1.000 | ||
| Good | 35.9 | 26.9 | 1.072 (0.760–1.510) | 0.693 | 1.151 (0.799–1.659) | 0.450 |
| Average | 26.0 | 36.4 | 2.005 (1.444–2.783) | < 0.001 | 1.987 (1.395–2.831) | < 0.001 |
| Bad | 8.7 | 13.9 | 2.301 (1.516–3.493) | < 0.001 | 2.390 (1.521–3.756) | < 0.001 |
| Very bad | 0.9 | 3.2 | 4.802 (2.176–10.597) | < 0.001 | 4.909 (2.146–11.231) | < 0.001 |
| Missing | 0.4 | – | ||||
| Sleeping onset difficulty | ||||||
| Never or rarely (reference) | 45.4 | 28.5 | 1.000 | 1.000 | ||
| < 1 per week | 29.2 | 29.7 | 1.627 (1.199–2.206) | 0.002 | 1.533 (1.107–2.123) | 0.010 |
| 1–2 per week | 16.3 | 22.8 | 2.224 (1.597–3.097) | < 0.001 | 2.092 (1.463–2.991) | < 0.001 |
| 3–6 per week | 4.9 | 9.2 | 2.993 (1.888–4.746) | < 0.001 | 2.821 (1.722–4.619) | < 0.001 |
| Almost every night | 3.7 | 9.8 | 4.241 (2.668–6.743) | < 0.001 | 4.549 (2.756–7.509) | < 0.001 |
| Missing | 0.5 | – | ||||
| Sleeping hours per day | ||||||
| ≤ 5 (reference) | 6.1 | 9.2 | 1.000 | 1.000 | ||
| 6 | 22.5 | 25.9 | 0.772 (0.486–1.225) | 0.272 | 0.784 (0.478–1.286) | 0.336 |
| 7 | 44.4 | 36.1 | 0.543 (0.348–0.845) | 0.007 | 0.589 (0.365–0.950) | 0.030 |
| 8 | 21.2 | 21.2 | 0.667 (0.416–1.072) | 0.094 | 0.664 (0.398–1.110) | 0.119 |
| 9 | 4.5 | 5.7 | 0.837 (0.442–1.587) | 0.586 | 0.602 (0.280–1.297) | 0.195 |
| ≥ 10 | 0.8 | 1.9 | 1.557 (.572–4.237) | 0.386 | 1.230 (0.401–3.771) | 0.717 |
| Missing | 0.4 | – | ||||
| Wake-up frequency | ||||||
| Never or rarely (reference) | 31.2 | 22.5 | 1.000 | 1.000 | ||
| < 1 per week | 24.0 | 20.3 | 1.172 (0.822–1.673) | 0.381 | 1.221 (0.839–1.776) | 0.297 |
| 1–2 per week | 18.7 | 19.0 | 1.409 (0.980–2.027) | 0.065 | 1.406 (0.953–2.075) | 0.086 |
| 3–6 per week | 12.0 | 20.6 | 2.386 (1.658–3.432) | < 0.001 | 2.144 (1.446–3.178) | < 0.001 |
| Almost every night | 13.7 | 17.4 | 1.765 (1.212–2.571) | 0.003 | 1.599 (1.060–2.412) | 0.025 |
| Missing | 0.5 | |||||
IBS, Irritable Bowel Syndrome. OR, Odds Ratio. CI, Confidence Interval. Logistic regression adjusted for sex, smoking, drinking frequency, and drinking amount. Values are presented as percentages and OR and 95% CI. P-value < 0.05 was considered statistically significant