Table 3.
Associations between stress and sleeping habits and IBS or GI symptoms in a full model
| IBS | GI symptoms the past 2 weeks | |||
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Adjusted OR 95% CI | P-value | Adjusted OR 95% CI | P-value | |
| Chronic stress 1 year | ||||
| No (reference) | 1.000 | 1.000 | ||
| Yes | 1.137 (0.848–1.524) | 0.392 | 1.347 (1.030–1.762) | 0.030 |
| Chronic stress 5 years | ||||
| No (reference) | 1.000 | 1.000 | ||
| Yes | 1.415 (1.058–1.892) | 0.019 | 1.223 (0.936–1.598) | 0.140 |
| Sleeping quality | ||||
| Very good (reference) | 1.000 | 1.000 | ||
| Good | 0.965 (0.644–1.445) | 0.862 | 1.116 (0.800–1.557) | 0.518 |
| Average | 1.342 (0.842–2.141) | 0.216 | 1.129 (0.751–1.697) | 0.560 |
| Bad | 1.184 (0.613–2.288) | 0.614 | 0.889 (0.472–1.676) | 0.716 |
| Very bad | 2.590 (0.928–7.224) | 0.069 | 1.503 (0.475–4.758) | 0.488 |
| Sleeping onset difficulty | ||||
| Never or rarely (reference) | 1.000 | 1.000 | ||
| < 1 per week | 1.384 (0.977–1.962) | 0.067 | 0.779 (0.576–1.053) | 0.104 |
| 1–2 per week | 1.673 (1.113–2.514) | 0.013 | 1.036 (0.719–1.495) | 0.848 |
| 3–6 per week | 2.153 (1.228–3.774) | 0.007 | 1.025 (0.584–1.799) | 0.932 |
| Almost every night | 3.036 (1.630–5.653) | < 0.001 | 1.474 (0.767–2.833) | 0.244 |
| Sleeping hours per day | ||||
| ≤ 5 (reference) | 1.000 | 1.000 | ||
| 6 | 1.137 (0.657–1.966) | 0.647 | 1.007 (0.584–1.738) | 0.979 |
| 7 | 1.134 (0.646–1.993) | 0.661 | 0.893 (0.514–1.552) | 0.688 |
| 8 | 1.348 (0.742–2.446) | 0.327 | 1.126 (0.627–2.021) | 0.691 |
| 9 | 1.211 (0.528–2.778) | 0.651 | 1.809 (0.872–3.755) | 0.112 |
| ≥ 10 | 1.712 (0.516–5.679) | 0.380 | 0.840 (0.204–3.462) | 0.810 |
| Wake-up frequency | ||||
| Never or rarely (reference) | 1.000 | 1.000 | ||
| < 1 per week | 1.020 (0.687–1.514) | 0.923 | 1.357 (0.971–1.896) | 0.074 |
| 1–2 per week | 0.991 (0.640–1.534) | 0.968 | 1.194 (0.814–1.751) | 0.364 |
| 3–6 per week | 1.331 (0.843–2.102) | 0.220 | 1.489 (0.971–2.284) | 0.068 |
| Almost every night | 0.877 (0.528–1.456) | 0.612 | 0.872 (0.539–1.411) | 0.577 |
GI, Gastrointestinal. IBS, irritable bowel syndrome. OR, Odds Ratio. CI, Confidence Interval. Logistic regression with all variables for stress and sleeping habits in a full model, adjusted for sex, smoking, drinking frequency, and drinking amount in IBS and age, sex, occupation, and smoking in GI symptoms. Values are presented as OR and 95% CI. P-values < 0.05 was considered statistically significant