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. 2021 Jul 22;16:327. doi: 10.1186/s13023-021-01954-7

Table 3.

Scores of patients and care-givers in PHQ-9, GAD-7, PHQ-15, and PSQI

Patients Care-givers Normative level
n Mean (SD) 95% CI n Mean (SD) 95% CI n Mean (SD) References
PHQ-9 305 12.1 (6.5) 11.4, 12.8 1258 9.5 (6.8) 9.1, 9.9 1003 3.3 (4.1) [16]
GAD-7 304 9.0 (6.0) 8.3, 9.6 1256 7.7 (5.9) 7.4, 8.0 5030 3.0 (3.4) [10]
PHQ-15 290 10.3 (6.1) 9.6, 11.0 1194 8.1 (6.5) 7.6, 8.5 9250 5.5 (3.9) [31]
5031 3.8 (4.1) [32]
PSQI 286 8.5 (3.9) 8.0, 8.9 1184 6.9 (4.0) 6.7, 7.2 9284 5.0 (3.4) [33]
629 4.9 (2.4) [13]