Table 3.
N = 390 | Model 1: unadjusted | Model 2: adjusted for covariates | ||||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
PR | SE | 95% CI | p-value | PR | SE | 95% CI | p-value | |
Adjusted PHQ-9 score | ||||||||
ISI | 1.02 | 0.01 | [1.01, 1.03] | 0.0013 | 1.02 | 0.01 | [1.01, 1.03] | 0.0038 |
Short sleep | 0.94 | 0.09 | [0.77, 1.12] | 0.5225 | 0.93 | 0.09 | [0.76, 1.1] | 0.4512 |
Long sleep | 1.28 | 0.25 | [0.79, 1.77] | 0.2002 | 1.28 | 0.25 | [0.79, 1.78] | 0.2062 |
ISI: short sleep | 1.00 | 0.01 | [0.99, 1.02] | 0.7119 | 1.00 | 0.01 | [0.99, 1.02] | 0.5588 |
ISI: long sleep | 0.99 | 0.01 | [0.96, 1.02] | 0.5808 | 0.99 | 0.02 | [0.96, 1.02] | 0.5895 |
Anhedonia | ||||||||
ISI | 1.00 | 0.01 | [0.98, 1.02] | 0.7128 | 1.00 | 0.01 | [0.99, 1.02] | 0.6453 |
Short sleep | 0.62 | 0.10 | [0.42, 0.83] | 0.0046 | 0.64 | 0.11 | [0.43, 0.85] | 0.0090 |
Long sleep | 1.03 | 0.34 | [0.36, 1.7] | 0.9209 | 1.06 | 0.36 | [0.36, 1.76] | 0.8680 |
ISI: short sleep | 1.03 | 0.01 | [1, 1.05] | 0.0169 | 1.03 | 0.01 | [1, 1.05] | 0.0269 |
ISI: long sleep | 1.02 | 0.03 | [0.97, 1.07] | 0.4791 | 1.02 | 0.03 | [0.97, 1.07] | 0.5023 |
Depressed mood | PR | SE | 95% CI | p-value | PR | SE | 95% CI | p-value |
ISI | 1.02 | 0.01 | [1, 1.04] | 0.0243 | 1.02 | 0.01 | [1, 1.04] | 0.0244 |
Short sleep | 0.84 | 0.13 | [0.57, 1.1] | 0.2707 | 0.83 | 0.14 | [0.56, 1.1] | 0.2669 |
Long sleep | 1.50 | 0.48 | [0.56, 2.44] | 0.2049 | 1.60 | 0.53 | [0.57, 2.63] | 0.1553 |
ISI: short sleep | 1.00 | 0.01 | [0.98, 1.02] | 0.8383 | 1.00 | 0.01 | [0.98, 1.02] | 0.8038 |
ISI: long sleep | 0.98 | 0.02 | [0.93, 1.03] | 0.3841 | 0.97 | 0.02 | [0.92, 1.02] | 0.2992 |
Appetite dysregulation | ||||||||
ISI | 1.02 | 0.01 | [1, 1.04] | 0.0203 | 1.02 | 0.01 | [1, 1.04] | 0.0400 |
Short sleep | 1.18 | 0.20 | [0.78, 1.58] | 0.3388 | 1.10 | 0.19 | [0.72, 1.48] | 0.5811 |
Long sleep | 1.96 | 0.68 | [0.63, 3.3] | 0.0529 | 1.85 | 0.65 | [0.59, 3.12] | 0.0773 |
ISI: short sleep | 0.99 | 0.01 | [0.97, 1.02] | 0.5825 | 1.00 | 0.01 | [0.97, 1.02] | 0.7921 |
ISI: long sleep | 0.96 | 0.03 | [0.9, 1.01] | 0.1111 | 0.96 | 0.03 | [0.9, 1.01] | 0.1121 |
Fatigue | ||||||||
ISI | 1.02 | 0.01 | [1, 1.03] | 0.0103 | 1.02 | 0.01 | [1.01, 1.03] | 0.0051 |
Short sleep | 1.01 | 0.12 | [0.78, 1.25] | 0.9056 | 0.99 | 0.12 | [0.75, 1.22] | 0.9105 |
Long sleep | 0.99 | 0.26 | [0.49, 1.5] | 0.9765 | 1.00 | 0.26 | [0.49, 1.5] | 0.9846 |
ISI: short sleep | 1.00 | 0.01 | [0.98, 1.02] | 0.9608 | 1.00 | 0.01 | [0.99, 1.02] | 0.7834 |
ISI: long sleep | 1.01 | 0.02 | [0.97, 1.05] | 0.6328 | 1.01 | 0.02 | [0.97, 1.04] | 0.7520 |
Difficulty concentrating | ||||||||
ISI | 1.01 | 0.01 | [0.99, 1.03] | 0.3482 | 1.01 | 0.01 | [0.99, 1.03] | 0.3993 |
Short sleep | 0.93 | 0.18 | [0.58, 1.27] | 0.6917 | 0.88 | 0.17 | [0.55, 1.21] | 0.5035 |
Long sleep | 1.20 | 0.50 | [0.23, 2.18] | 0.6522 | 1.07 | 0.44 | [0.21, 1.93] | 0.8656 |
ISI: short sleep | 1.00 | 0.01 | [0.98, 1.03] | 0.7108 | 1.01 | 0.01 | [0.98, 1.04] | 0.4747 |
ISI: long sleep | 0.98 | 0.03 | [0.92, 1.05] | 0.6023 | 0.99 | 0.03 | [0.93, 1.05] | 0.7312 |
Feelings of failure | ||||||||
ISI | 1.01 | 0.01 | [0.99, 1.03] | 0.2936 | 1.01 | 0.01 | [0.99, 1.03] | 0.3495 |
Short sleep | 1.03 | 0.16 | [0.72, 1.33] | 0.8588 | 1.03 | 0.16 | [0.72, 1.34] | 0.8502 |
Long sleep | 1.30 | 0.40 | [0.52, 2.09] | 0.3896 | 1.35 | 0.42 | [0.52, 2.18] | 0.3440 |
ISI: short sleep | 1.00 | 0.01 | [0.98, 1.02] | 0.7051 | 1.00 | 0.01 | [0.97, 1.02] | 0.6764 |
ISI: long sleep | 0.99 | 0.02 | [0.95, 1.04] | 0.7957 | 0.99 | 0.02 | [0.94, 1.04] | 0.6930 |
Psychomotor disturbance | ||||||||
ISI | 1.03 | 0.02 | [1, 1.07] | 0.0694 | 1.02 | 0.02 | [0.99, 1.06] | 0.2448 |
Short sleep | 0.96 | 0.30 | [0.36, 1.55] | 0.8909 | 0.92 | 0.29 | [0.35, 1.5] | 0.8016 |
Long sleep | 1.49 | 1.02 | [− 0.52, 3.49] | 0.5650 | 1.38 | 0.95 | [− 0.47, 3.23] | 0.6377 |
ISI: short sleep | 1.00 | 0.02 | [0.96, 1.05] | 0.8663 | 1.01 | 0.02 | [0.97, 1.05] | 0.6121 |
ISI: long sleep | 0.97 | 0.05 | [0.87, 1.07] | 0.5359 | 0.98 | 0.05 | [0.88, 1.08] | 0.7396 |
Suicidal behavior | ||||||||
ISI | 1.05 | 0.02 | [1, 1.09] | 0.0540 | 1.04 | 0.02 | [0.99, 1.08] | 0.1286 |
Short sleep | 1.22 | 0.49 | [0.25, 2.19] | 0.6262 | 1.36 | 0.55 | [0.28, 2.45] | 0.4428 |
Long sleep | 1.08 | 0.89 | [− 0.66, 2.82] | 0.9266 | 1.28 | 1.08 | [− 0.83, 3.4] | 0.7656 |
ISI: short sleep | 0.98 | 0.03 | [0.93, 1.04] | 0.5538 | 0.98 | 0.03 | [0.93, 1.03] | 0.4527 |
ISI: long sleep | 1.02 | 0.06 | [0.91, 1.14] | 0.6807 | 1.02 | 0.06 | [0.9, 1.15] | 0.6866 |
Adjusted analyses include Age, Race/Ethnicity, Sex, BMI, and Education level as covariates. For Sleep Duration, Recommended Sleep is the reference category