Table 2.

Means, standard deviations, Cronbach’s α, and correlations of study variables.

Variables	Mean	Standard Deviation	Cronbach’s α	1	2	3	4
1. Self-esteem	3.485	0.503	0.866	-
2. GRIT	3.159	0.439	0.712	0.524 *	-
3. Academic enthusiasm	2.472	0.552	0.929	0.454 *	0.494 *	-
4. Academic achievement	3.532	0.959	0.751	0.248 *	0.238 *	0.412 *	-

* p < 0.001.