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. 2021 Jul 22;16(7):e0250488. doi: 10.1371/journal.pone.0250488

Table 1. Sample characteristics (n = 1178).

  Combined Non-Regular Attender Regular Attender
  n (%) / M (SD) n (%) / M (SD) n (%) / M (SD)
Predisposing Characteristics
State residence
    West Virginia 767 (57.2%) 349 (67.5%) 418 (63.2%)
    Pennsylvania 411 (42.8%) 168 (32.5%) 243 (36.8%)
Gender
    Male 612 (52.0%) 265 (51.3%) 347 (52.5%)
    Female 566 (48.0%) 252 (48.7%) 314 (47.5%)
Age 5.5 (2.9) 3.9 (2.7) 6.8 (2.4)
Child Dental Fear and Anxiety 28.2 (10.9) 50.0 (21.1) 28.8 (11.4)
Parent Dental Fear and Anxiety
    Avoidance 13.2 (7.6) 13.0 (7.3) 13.4 (7.8)
    Dental Stimuli 14.9 (7.5) 14.9 (7.6) 14.8 (7.4)
    Physiological 9.1 (4.8) 9.0 (4.5) 9.2 (4.9)
Parent Oral Health Fatalism 7.5 (2.7) 7.6 (2.7) 7.4 (2.6)
Parent Dental Utilization
    Attendance last 3 years-YES 573 (51.4%) 211 (44.2%) 362 (56.8%)
    Attendance last 3 years-NO 541 (48.6%) 266 (55.8%) 275 (43.2%)
Enabling Resources
Dental Insurance
    Yes 973 (82.6%) 421 (81.4%) 552 (83.5%)
    No 205 (17.4%) 96 (18.6%) 109 (16.5%)
Household Income
    Less than $10,000 264 (26.2%) 127 (29.2%) 137 (24.0%)
    $10,000–14,999 180 (17.9%) 89 (20.5%) 91 (15.9%)
    $15,000–24,999 170 (16.9%) 72 (16.6%) 98 (17.1%)
    $25,000–34,999 124 (12.3%) 48 (11.0%) 76 (13.3%)
    $35,000–49,999 149 (14.8%) 56 (12.9%) 93 (16.6%)
    $50,000–74,999 72 (7.1%) 25 (5.7%) 47 (8.2%)
    $75,000–99,999 35 (3.5%) 11 (2.5%) 24 (4.2%)
    $100,000–149,000 7 (0.7%) 5 (1.1%) 2 (0.3%)
    $150,000–199,999 - - -
    $200,000 or more 6 (0.6%) 2 (0.5%) 4 (0.7%)
Parent Education
    No high school diploma 147 (13.3%) 68 (14.3%) 79 (12.5%)
    High school diploma/GED 463 (41.9%) 210 (44.1%) 253 (40.2%)
    Technical school 152 (13.7%) 63 (13.2%) 89 (14.1%)
    Some college, no degree 159 (14.4%) 68 (14.3%) 91 (14.4%)
    Undergraduate degree 131 (11.8%) 46 (9.7%) 85 (13.5%)
    Graduate degree 54 (4.9%) 21 (4.4%) 33 (5.2%)
# of Children in Household 2.64 (1.33) 2.5 (1.3) 2.8 (1.4)
Need Factor
Parent Oral Health Attitudes/Values 20.0 (5.1) 19.2 (4.9) 20.7 (5.1)
Parent Perception of Need
    Yes 403 (36.5) 139 (30.7) 264 (40.6)
    No 700 (63.5) 314 (69.3) 386 (59.4)
Total (n = 1178) - 517 (43.9%) 661 (56.1%)