Table 1. Online presence of mosques in the Netherlands, by ethnic group and strictness (N = 478).

	Mosques (N)	Website (%)	Facebook (%)	Twitter (%)	Instagram (%)	YouTube (%)	Average presence (0–5)
All mosques	478	52.3	60.7	16.9	17.2	18.6	1.66
Ethnic group
Turkey	222	45.0	68.0	11.7	27.5	11.7	1.64
Morocco	170	55.3	54.7	20.0	6.5	25.9	1.62
Surinam	37	70.3	56.8	13.5	2.7	24.3	1.68
Indonesia	7	71.4	14.3	14.3	42.9	14.3	1.57
Pakistan	5	100.0	80.0	40.0	0.0	60.0	2.80
Afghanistan	3	67.7	67.7	0.0	0.0	0.0	1.33
Somalia	2	50.0	50.0	50.0	0.0	0.0	1.50
India	1	100.0	0.0	100	0.0	0.0	2.00
Bosnia-Herzegovina	1	0.0	0.0	0.0	0.0	0.0	0.00
Arabic (general)	5	60.0	80.0	60.0	0.0	0.0	2.00
Multiple	6	50.0	50.0	33.3	16.7	16.7	1.67
Unknown	19	47.4	47.4	31.6	26.3	26.3	1.79
Strictness
Salafist	23	73.9	60.9	56.5	4.3	21.7	2.17
Non-Salafist	455	51.2	60.7	14.9	17.8	18.5	1.63