Table 1.
Study sample characteristics
| Participants: |
Sample #1
Both CFPWV and CPP (N=8261) |
Sample #2
Both FMD and Hyperemic Velocity (N=6540) |
Sample #3
PAT (N=4998) |
|---|---|---|---|
| Age, years | 51.5±15.5 | 47.9±14.1 | 54.5±16.0 |
| Women | 4480 (54.2) | 3511 (53.7) | 2587 (51.8) |
| Race | |||
| White | 6953 (84.2) | 5708 (87.3) | 4352 (87.1) |
| Black | 295 (3.6) | 75 (1.2) | 201 (4.0) |
| Hispanic | 235 (2.8) | 152 (2.3) | 181 (3.6) |
| Asian | 174 (2.1) | 101 (1.5) | 153 (3.1) |
| Native Hawaiian/Pacific Islander | 27 (0.3) | 2 (0.03) | 3 (0.06) |
| American Indian/Alaska Native | 6 (0.1) | 4 (0.06) | 5 (0.1) |
| Multiple races | 15 (0.2) | 11 (0.17) | 14 (0.3) |
| Unknown | 556 (6.7) | 487 (7.5) | 89 (1.8) |
| Years of follow-up | 10.6±3.2 | 11.2±2.8 | 8.5±2.0 |
| FHS cohort | |||
| Height, cm | 168±10 | 169±10 | 169±10 |
| Weight, kg | 77.7±17.7 | 78.3±18.2 | 79.1±18.3 |
| Body mass index, kg/m2 | 27.3±5.2 | 27.2±5.4 | 27.7±5.5 |
| Diabetes mellitus | 597 (7.2) | 378 (5.8) | 459 (9.2) |
| Current smoking | 1048 (12.7) | 932 (14.3) | 577 (11.5) |
| Total cholesterol, mg/dL | 191±37 | 193±37 | 187±37 |
| HDL cholesterol, mg/dL | 55±17 | 54±17 | 55±17 |
| Triglycerides, mg/dL | 100 [70, 148] | 99 [69, 149] | 99 [70, 142] |
| Cholesterol treatment | 1352 (16.4) | 787 (12.0) | 1341 (26.8) |
| Heart rate, beats/min | 62±10 | 63±10 | 62±9 |
| SBP, mm Hg | 122±18 | 121±17 | 123±17 |
| DBP, mm Hg | 74±10 | 75±10 | 74±10 |
| MAP, mm Hg* | 92±12 | 91±12 | 95±12 |
| Hypertension treatment | 1958 (23.7) | 1176 (18.0) | 1561 (31.2) |
| History of MI | 171 (2.1) | 108 (1.7) | 128 (2.6) |
| History of CHF | 89 (1.1) | 42 (0.6) | 71 (1.4) |
| CFPWV, m/s | 7.7 [6.6, 9.6] | --- | --- |
| CPP, mm Hg | 51.6 [43.1, 62.9] | --- | --- |
| FMD, % | --- | 4.5 [2.0, 7.2] | --- |
| Hyperemic velocity, cm/s | --- | 57.7 [43.2, 71.2] | --- |
| Baseline mean flow, cm/s | --- | 6.5 [4.5, 9.4] | --- |
| PAT ratio | --- | --- | 2.0 [1.5, 2.7] |
| Incident VTE | 185 (2.2) | 130 (2.0) | 82 (1.6) |
| Type | |||
| DVT | 108 (58.4) | 77 (59.2) | 46 (56.1) |
| PE | 57 (30.8) | 38 (29.2) | 24 (29.3) |
| DVT and PE | 20 (10.8) | 15 (11.5) | 12 (14.6) |
| Etiology | |||
| Provoked | 125 (67.6) | 90 (69.2) | 53 (64.6) |
| Unprovoked | 52 (28.1) | 38 (29.2) | 27 (32.9) |
| Unknown | 125 (67.6) | 90 (69.2) | 53 (64.6) |
Abbreviations: CFPWV, carotid-femoral pulse wave velocity; CHF, congestive heart failure; CPP, central pulse pressure; DBP, diastolic blood pressure; FHS, Framingham Heart Study; FMD, flow-mediated dilation; MAP, mean arterial pressure; MI, myocardial infarction; PAT, peripheral arterial tonometry; SBP, systolic blood pressure
Note: Values in the table are N (%),mean±standard deviation, or median [25th, 75th percentile].
*
Mean arterial pressure is missing for 84 participants in sample #2 and 292 participants in sample #3.