Skip to main content
. Author manuscript; available in PMC: 2022 Jul 1.
Published in final edited form as: CA Cancer J Clin. 2021 May 13;71(4):333–358. doi: 10.3322/caac.21670

Figure 2.

Figure 2.

The relationship between ”-omics” approaches of systems biology. Cancer is caused by changes at the genomic level that result in altered RNA transcription, protein expression, and protein function. The metabolome provides a functional readout of these upstream changes. In turn, individual metabolites affect protein activity and thereby alter RNA transcription and DNA replication.