JAK inhibitors impaired APLN-based GSC maintenance. (A) Patient-derived GSCs (mesenchymal GSC#1) were cultured in MF conditions (green) or MF containing APLN (1 µM) plus either vehicle (APLN+DMSO, black) or ruxolitinib (APLN+Ruxo, 1 µM, pink). Linear regression plot of in vitro LDA is shown. Alternatively, LDA assays were done in mitogen-containing medium plus vehicle (NS34+DMSO, black) and NS34 plus ruxolitinib (NS34+Ruxo, pink). Data are representative of two independent experiments. (B) Tumorspheres per FOV were manually, single-blindly counted in similarly treated cells cultured in MF medium, mitogen-containing medium (NS34), or MF containing APLN (1 µM, APLN). DMSO (black) and the JAK inhibitors ruxolitinib (1 µM, red) and filgotinib (1 µM, blue) were also added as indicated. Data are presented as the mean ± SEM from three independent experiments. Each dot (n > 25) represents one sample count. All data are representative of at least three independent experiments. ***, P < 0.001 using ANOVA tests.