Table 1.

Coding of physical health status variables and other independent variables

Variable	Codes
Physical health status
Multimorbidity	1=no, 2=yes
Physical disability	1=no limits, 2=only IADL, 3=only ADL, 4=both
Other independent variables
Gender	1=male, 2=female
Age (years)	1=45–49, 2=50–59, 3=60–69, 4=≥70
Marital status	1=partnered, 2=single
Education	1=illiteracy, 2=primary school, 3=junior high school, 4=senior high school and above
Occupation status	1=yes, 2=no
Family income	1=worst, 5=best, from 1 to 5 is from the best to the worst
Smoke	1=yes, 2=no
Drink	1=yes, 2=no
Living arrangement	1=yes, 2=no