Table 1.

Unit costs of the education cost items

Item	Measurement unit	Range (€, year 2021 values)	Sources
Special education	Per day	15.4–15.6	[64, 70]
	Per month	449.8	[69]
	Per year	588.1–56,534.5	[10, 42, 45, 47, 56, 58, 59, 71]
	Average lifetime cost	7949.1–13,852.8	[32, 57]
	Not reported	677–1771.32	[62]
School absenteeism	Per hour	5.3–11.4	[33, 34, 65, 66, 71]
	Per day	28.6–68	[38, 48, 53, 54, 63]
School presenteeism	Per day	61.6–68	[48, 53, 63]
Remedial teaching	Per visit	63.6	[64]
	Per hour	63.1	[69]
Aggregate societal expenditures for education	Per year	5599.3–6981.7	[9, 55]
Study/homework help	Per hour	44.1	[48]
Tutoring help	Per hour	48.7	[53]
Educational psychologist	Per hour	48.5	[62]
	Not reported	51	[38]
Attendance officer	Per hour	47	[41, 73]
Teacher training	Per visit	83.4	[64]
General/specialist services at school	Not reported	25.3	[40]
Education welfare officer	Not reported	27.6	[38]
Family liaison officer (school)	Per hour of client work	67.5	[38]
School counselor	Per hour	14.9	[30]
Special needs assistant	Per hour	18.6	[62]
Teacher	Not reported	48.2	[38]
Parental out-of-pocket expenses related to child's education	Annual per patient and total costs	64.3	[9]
Financing of education	Per year	13,846.7 or 27,693.4a	[44]
	Not reported	193–1094	[62]
Aggregate savings for the education sector	Per year per child	8185.40	[61]
Productivity gains from school attainment	Per high school diploma	171,133–23,7784.9	[74]

^aDepending on disability level