Table 2.

Association between the alpha and beta diversity of the D28 fecal microbiota and the IAV vaccine response at D49, D56, D63, and D146.

Vaccine response phenotype	Sampling day	Alpha diversity				Beta diversity
		Richness		Shannon
		p-value	FDR	p-value	FDR	p-value	FDR
IAV-specific IgG	D49	0.828	0.828	0.560	0.747	0.119	0.238
	D56	0.023*	0.092	0.051	0.373	0.322	0.429
	D63	0.036*	0.096	0.190	0.373	0.014*	0.112
	D146	0.436	0.581	0.656	0.750	0.194	0.310
HAI	D49	0.764	0.828	0.976	0.976	0.465	0.465
	D56	0.049*	0.098	0.197	0.373	0.079	0.238
	D63	0.016*	0.092	0.233	0.373	0.106	0.238
	D146	0.169	0.270	0.125	0.373	0.463	0.465

The vaccine response was assessed on the vaccinated population by seric IAV-specific IgG levels or haemagglutination inhibition assay titers (HAI). The whole population of vaccinated individuals was considered to estimate the association between the vaccine response and the alpha diversity indices. Association with beta diversity was assessed between the two groups of high and low responders to vaccine based on Adonis analysis on Bray-Curtis distances. Nominal p-values are reported in the table and highlighted in bold letters where significant (* for p-value < 0.05), FDR were calculated for each diversity metric independently and highlighted in bold letters were below 0.1.