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The AMPK/PGC-1α/SIRT3 signaling pathway inhibits the expression of MCU. The capability of mCa2+ uptake is decreased, which inhibits mROS generation. Cell metabolism, apoptosis, and necrosis are significantly affected by mCa2+-dependent mROS production. Also, the crosstalk between AMPK/PGC-1α and SIRT3 forms a positive feedback loop. The phosphorylation of AMPK is found to be different under a transient and persistent elevation of calcium.
