Table 1.
Characteristics of participants by case status.
| Trait | Cases N = 914 | Controls N = 5861 | P-value | |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Age at COVID-19 test | 70 (8·00) | 64 (8·00) | 1·85E-95 | |
| BMI | 29·61 (5·39) | 27·97 (4·86) | 1·55E-20 | |
| Sex | Male | 573 (62·69) | 2675 (45·64) | 8·20E-22 |
| Female | 341 (37·31) | 3186 (54·36) | ||
| Ethnicity | Asian | 33 (3·61) | 217 (3·70) | 0·006 |
| Black | 5 (0·55) | 38 (0·65) | ||
| Chinese | 3 (0·33) | 9 (0·15) | ||
| Mixed | 36 (3·94) | 117 (2·00) | ||
| Other | 8 (0·88) | 78 (1·33) | ||
| White | 829 (90·70) | 5402 (92·17) | ||
| Smoking | Never | 358 (39·43) | 3236 (55·38) | 1.27E-18 |
| Ex-smoker | 408 (44·93) | 2001 (34·25) | ||
| Current | 142 (15·64) | 606 (10·37) | ||
| LTL (age adjusted) | -0·14 (0.97) | -0·03 (1·00) | 0·002 | |
Data shown are mean (SD) for continuous traits or n (%) for categorical traits. LTL, smoking status, BMI, sex and ethnicity are from baseline information. LTL is log-transformed and Z-standardised. P-values were obtained via t-tests for continuous traits, Ethnicity was assessed using Fishers exact test and other categorical traits were tested using a χ2 test.