Table 1.

Hypereosinophilic Syndromes and Clinical Manifestations

Syndrome	Symptoms	Diagnostic Criteria	Organ Involvement
Eosinophilic myocarditis∗	Chest pain, dyspnea, fatigue, palpitations, syncope	Peripheral eosinophilia, ESR, CRP, troponin, CK, ECG, echocardiogram, cardiac MRI, endomyocardial biopsy	Cardiovascular, blood, lungs
Hypereosinophilic syndrome (HES)	Dyspnea, cough, urticaria, abdominal pain, vomiting, fever, arthritis, neuropathy	Peripheral eosinophils >1,500/μl without other identifiable causes AND presence of organ damage	Skin, lungs, gastrointestinal, nervous, blood, cardiovascular
Eosinophilic granulomatosis with polyangiitis	Asthma, sinusitis, proteinuria, abdominal pain, neuropathy, rash	ANCA, urinalysis, CT chest and sinus, PFTs, echocardiogram, ESR, CRP, tissue biopsy	Skin, lungs, nervous, kidneys
Drug-induced eosinophilia	Rash, oliguria, cough, abdominal pain, neuropathy	Peripheral eosinophilia, Diagnosis of exclusion, tissue biopsy	Skin, blood, lungs, kidneys, nervous, gastrointestinal
Leukemia/Myeloproliferative disorders	Weight loss, fevers, night sweats, fatigue	Peripheral eosinophilia, JAK2 V617F, FIP1L1/PDGFRa analysis, bone marrow biopsy, peripheral smear	Bone, blood

ANCA = anti-neutrophil cytoplasmic antibody; CK = creatine kinase; CRP = C-reactive protein; CT = computed tomography; ECG = electrocardiogram; ESR = erythrocyte sedimentation rate; FIP1L1/PDGFRa = FIP1-like 1/platelet-derived growth factor receptor alpha; JAK2 V617F = Janus kinase; MRI, magnetic resonance imaging; PFT = pulmonary function test.

^∗Eosinophilic myocarditis (Loeffler’s syndrome) is a potential manifestation of the disease entities, not exclusive from them.