Table 1.
Participant characteristics
| Control (WHO score 0) | Intubated control (WHO score 7–8) | COVID-19 m/m (WHO score 1–5) | COVID-19 severe (WHO score 6–8) | COVID-19 conv. (WHO score 0) | |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Case number | 25.9% (15/58) | 10.3% (6/58) | 24.1% (14/58) | 36.2 (21/58) | 3.4% (2/58) |
| Age (years) | |||||
| Minimum | 27 | 33 | 19 | 28 | 20 |
| Median (IQR) | 58 (16) | 65.5 (31) | 49.5 (17.8) | 62 (13) | N/A |
| Maximum | 73 | 71 | 69 | 84 | 57 |
| Sex | |||||
| Female | 60% (9/15) | 16.7% (1/6) | 42.9% (6/14) | 47.6% (10/21) | 50% (1/2) |
| Male | 40% (6/15) | 83.3% (5/6) | 57.1% (8/14) | 52.4% (11/21) | 50% (1/2) |
| Ethnicity | |||||
| Hispanic | 0% (0/15) | 0% (0/6) | 0% (0/14) | 4.8% (1/21) | 0% (0/2) |
| Not Hispanic | 100% (15/15) | 100% (6/6) | 100% (14/14) | 95.2% (20/21) | 100% (2/2) |
| Race | |||||
| Black/African American | 66.7% (10/15) | 66.7% (4/6) | 71.4% (10/14) | 61.9% (13/21) | 50% (1/2) |
| White | 33.3% (5/15) | 33.3% (2/6) | 28.6% (4/14) | 23.8% (5/21) | 50% (1/2) |
| American Indian | 0% (0/15) | 0% (0/6) | 0% (0/14) | 14.3% (3/21) | 0% (0/2) |
| BMI | |||||
| Median (IQR) | 37.5 (14.4) | 30.5 (18.1) | 23.0 (11.6) | 31.9 (14.2) | 40.7 |
| Pre-existing conditions | |||||
| Diabetes | 40% (6/15) | 33.3% (2/6) | 28.6% (4/14) | 71.4% (15/21) | 0% (0/2) |
| Chronic kidney disease | 6.7% (1/15) | 0% (0/6) | 7.1% (1/14) | 19.0% (4/21) | 0% (0/2) |
| Congestive heart failure | 6.7% (1/15) | 16.7% (1/6) | 0% (0/14) | 4.8% (1/21) | 0% (0/2) |
| Lung disorder | 6.7% (1/15) | 16.7% (1/6) | 28.6% (4/14) | 38.1% (8/21) | 0% (0/2) |
| Hypertension ∗ | 86.7% (13/15) | 50% (3/6) | 42.9% (6/14) | 81.0% (17/21) | 0% (0/2) |
| IBD | 13.3% (2/15) | 0% (0/6) | 0% (0/14) | 0% (0/21) | 50% (1/2) |
| Treatment | |||||
| Corticosteroids | N/A | 33.3% (2/6) | 42.9% (6/14) | 66.7% (14/21) | N/A |
| Remdesivir | N/A | 0% (0/6) | 14.3% (2/14) | 4.8% (1/21) | N/A |
| 28-day mortality ∗∗∗ | 0% (0/15) | 33.3% (2/6) | 0% (0/14) | 76.2% (16/21) | 0% (0/2) |
Continuous variables were compared by Kruskal-Wallis test. Categorical variables were compared by chi-square test. ∗∗∗p < 0.001, ∗p < 0.05, otherwise non-significant. m/m, mild/moderate; conv, convalescent; IQR, inter-quartile range; BMI, body mass index; IBD, inflammatory bowel disease.