Table 2.

Hazard Ratios (HR) and 95% Confidence Intervals (CIs) of Primary, Secondary, and Other Outcomes by Randomized Assignment to Vitamin D^a,b.

Endpoint	Vitamin D (N = 12 927)	Placebo (N = 12 944)	HR	95% CI
	No. of participants w/event
Cardiovascular disease (CVD), primary and secondary outcomes
Major CVD eventc,d	396	409	0.97	0.85-1.12
Expanded CVD event e	536	558	0.96	0.86-1.08
Total myocardial infarction (MI)	169	176	0.96	0.78-1.19
Total stroke	141	149	0.95	0.76-1.20
Cardiovascular mortality	152	138	1.11	0.88-1.40
Other vascular outcomes f
Percutaneous coronary intervention (PCI)	182	188	0.97	0.79-1.19
Coronary artery bypass graft (CABG)	73	98	0.75	0.55-1.01
Fatal MI	24	15	1.60	0.84-3.06
Fatal stroke	19	23	0.84	0.46-1.54
Total invasive cancer c	793	824	0.96	0.88-1.06
Cancer mortality	154	187	0.83	0.67-1.02
All-cause mortality	485	493	0.99	0.87-1.12
Excluding the first 2 years of follow-up:
Major CVD event	274	296	0.93	0.79-1.09
Total invasive cancer	490	522	0.94	0.83-1.06
Cancer mortality	112	149	0.75	0.59-0.96
All-cause mortality	368	384	0.96	0.84-1.11

^aAdapted from Manson et al. ¹⁷ with permission. Copyright ©2019, Massachusetts Medical Society.

^bAnalyses were from Cox regression models controlling for age, sex, and n-3 fatty acid randomization group. Analyses were not adjusted for multiple comparisons.

^cPrimary outcome.

^dA composite of myocardial infarction, stroke, and cardiovascular mortality.

^eA composite of major cardiovascular events plus coronary revascularization (CABG + PCI).

^fNot prespecified as primary or secondary outcomes.