Table 5.
VITAL n-3 Fatty Acid Intervention: Summary of Key Subgroup Findings.
| Major cardiovascular disease events a |
| • No significant interaction by sex |
| • No significant interaction by race/ethnicity (signal for greater benefit in African Americans) |
| • Significant interaction by baseline dietary fish intake (reduction in those with below-median intake but not in those with above-median intake) |
| Myocardial infarction |
| • No significant interaction by sex |
| • Significant interaction by race/ethnicity (reduction in African Americans but not in members of other racial/ethnic groups) |
| • Significant interaction by baseline dietary fish intake (reduction in those with below-median intake but not in those with above-median intake) |
| • Significant interaction by traditional cardiovascular risk factors (reduction greatest in those with at least 2 risk factors) |
| Coronary revascularization |
| • Significant interaction by race/ethnicity (reduction in African Americans but not in members of other racial/ethnic groups) |
| Total coronary heart disease |
| • Significant interaction by race/ethnicity (reduction in African Americans but not in members of other racial/ethnic groups) |
| Total invasive cancer |
| • Significant interaction by sex (greater benefit in women) |
| • No significant interaction by race/ethnicity |
| • No significant interaction by baseline fish intake (signal for greater benefit in those with below-median intake) |
| All-cause mortality |
| • No significant interaction by sex |
| • No significant interaction by race/ethnicity |
| • Significant interaction by baseline dietary fish intake (trend toward reduction in those with below-median intake but not in those with above-median intake) |
| Other endpoints |
| • Colorectal adenoma |
| ° Significant interaction by race/ethnicity (reduction in African Americans but not members of other racial/ethnic groups) |
| ° Significant interaction by baseline plasma n-3 index (reduction in those with low baseline plasma n-3 index but not in those with high baseline plasma n-3 index) |
| • Chronic knee pain |
| ° No significant interaction by sex or race/ethnicity |
a
A composite of myocardial infarction, stroke, and cardiovascular mortality.