Figure 1.

Bacterial growth (left) and inhibition rate (right) of E. coli (a), V. anguillarum (b), and P. anguilliseptica (c) co-cultured with gilthead sea bream (Sparus aurata) skin mucus from fish fed both experimental (control and PPH) diets. Data are shown as the mean ± standard error of the mean (n = 4 per dietary group). An asterisk (*) denotes statistically significant differences between both diets at particular sampling times (4, 6, 8, 10, 12, and 14 h) of the co-culture (t-test, p < 0.05).