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. 2021 Jul 16;11(7):2122. doi: 10.3390/ani11072122

Figure 2.

Figure 2

Normalized relative expression (NRE) of immune-related genes in gilthead sea bream (Sparus aurata) fed with experimental (control and PPH) diets. The expression of lys (a), igM (b), tnf-α (c), il-1β (d), il-10 (e), and tgf-β1 (f) were evaluated in splenocyte primary cell cultures (SPCC) isolated from gilthead sea breams at 4, 12, and 24 h after exposure to PBS or LPS. Orange and yellow bars: LPS-treated splenocytes from gilthead sea bream fed with control and PPH diets, respectively. Blue and grey bars: PBS-treated splenocytes from gilthead sea bream fed with the control and PPH diets, respectively. The time 0 h corresponds to the basal state prior to the beginning of the treatment. Data are shown as the mean ± standard error of the mean (n = 4 per dietary group). Statistical analysis: two-way ANOVA with Tukey’s post hoc test. An asterisk (*) represents significant differences between the dietary groups regarding the LPS treatment evaluated at the same time-point; (***) represents significant differences between splenocytes treated with PBS and LPS within the same diet and time point; different letters (a, b, and c) represent significant differences between the control diet different post-exposure times with LPS (p < 0.05). Different letters (x, y, and z) represent significant differences between the PPH diet at different post-exposure times with LPS (p < 0.05). Abbreviations: igM, immunoglobulin M; il-1β, interleukin 1 beta; lys, lysozyme; tnf-α, tumour necrosis factor alpha; il-10, interleukin 10; tgf-β1, transforming growth factor beta 1.