Table 2.

Studies evaluating the effect of monensin during transition period on metabolism and health.

Study	Cows, n	Dose 1	Delivery Method	Outcomes Measured	References
Fiore et al., 2021	100	335	CRC 2	Blood NEFA, BHB, glucose, urea, AST, ALT, GGT, TG 3, CHL 4, bilirubin, total protein, albumins, globulins, BCS.	[34]
Kasap et al., 2020	50	335	CRC	Blood NEFA, BHB, glucose and urea	[35]
Mezzetti et al., 2019	38	335	CRC	Blood NEFA, BHB, acute phase proteins, reactive oxygen species and disease incidence	[19]
Hausmann et al., 2018	58	336	CRC	Blood NEFA, BHB, glucose, urea, CHL, TG and bilirubin	[36]
Markantonatos et al., 2017	8	300	top-dressing	Glucose kinetic parameters	[37]
Drong et al., 2016	60	335	CRC	Blood NEFA, BHB, glucose and liver total lipids	[20]
Yasui et al., 2016	70	400 pre partum 450 post partum	top-dressing	Blood immune functions	[38]
Compton et al., 2015	837	335	CRC	Blood BHB	[39]
McCarthy et al., 2015	70	400 pre partum 450 post partum	top-dressing	Blood NEFA, BHB and glucose, liver TG and oxidative capacity	[21]
Mullins et al., 2012	32	400 pre partum 450 post partum	top-dressing	Blood NEFA, BHB, glucose, insulin, haptoglobin and liver function.	[22]
Arieli, et al., 2008	168	335	CRC	Blood NEFA, BHB, Glucose, AST and BCS	[40]
Duffield et al., 2008 a, c	Meta-analyses			Blood NEFA, BHB, glucose, urea, CHL, insulin, calcium, phosphorus, MUN	[6,8]
McDougal et al., 2008	772	335	CRC	Incidence of mastitis	[41]
Peterson-Wolfe et al., 2007	136	335	CRC	Blood NEFA, BHB, glucose, insulin, urea, AST, bilirubin, cortisol and BCS	[24]
Kennermann et al., 2006	40	335	CRC	Blood NEFA, BHB, glucose, urea, TG	[42]
Melendez et al., 2006b	2025	335	CRC	Incidence of retained fetal membranes and reproductive performance	[43]
Zahra et al., 2006	182	335	CRC	Blood BHB, glucose, AST, ALT, urea	[25]
Crawford et al., 2005	1010	335	CRC	Serum haptoglobin	[44]
Plaizier et al., 2005	16	335	CRC	Blood NEFA, BHB, glucose and urea	[45]
Duffield et al., 2003	251	335	CRC	Blood NEFA, BHB, glucose, urea, CHL, calcium, phosphorus and BCS	[46]
Duffield et al., 2002	1317	335	CRC	Disease incidence	[47]
Duffield et al., 1999a	1010	335	CRC	Disease incidence, culling rate, reproductive performance	[48]
Duffield et al., 1998a, b	1010	335	CRC	Blood and milk BHB, glucose, AST, urea, total protein, calcium, phosphorus and BCS	[49,50]
Green et al., 1999	52	335	CRC	Blood BHB, glucose and BCS	[27]
Van der Werf et al., 1998	58	300	top-dressing	Blood BHB, glucose, acetoacetate, insulin	[51]

¹ Daily dose (mg/day); ² controlled-release capsule; ³ triglycerides; ⁴ cholesterol.