Table 7.
Dietary microbiota (total bacteria, yeast and molds, E. coli, and coliform) presented (Log CFU/mL) in broiler during feeding period of 0–21 days as affected by dietary supplementation of ZnNPs, CurNPs, and Bacillus licheniformis. (n = 6).
| Samples/Microbial Count | TBC | p Value | TYMC | p Value | ||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Feeding Period (day) | 0 | 7 | 14 | 21 | 0 | 7 | 14 | 21 | ||
| Control | 5.80 a,D | 6.01 a,C | 6.33 a,B | 6.70 a,A | <0.001 | 3.81 a,D | 4.00 a,C | 4.30 a,B | 4.82 a,A | <0.001 |
| T1 | 5.54 ab,D | 5.72 b,C | 6.12 ab,B | 6.51 ab,A | <0.001 | 3.52 ab,D | 3.72 ab,C | 4.03 ab,B | 4.55 b,A | <0.001 |
| T2 | 5.20 bD | 5.41 bcC | 5.93 bB | 6.22 b,A | <0.001 | 3.14 b,D | 3.51 b,C | 3.82 b,B | 4.12 bc,A | <0.001 |
| T3 | 4.86 c,D | 5.14 c,C | 5.50 bc,B | 5.90 bc,A | <0.001 | 2.82 bc,D | 3.14 c,C | 3.44 c,B | 3.84 c,A | <0.001 |
| T4 | 4.60 d,D | 4.95 cd,C | 5.32 c,B | 5.74 c,A | <0.001 | 2.58 c,D | 2.90 cd,C | 3.15 cd,B | 3.69 cd,A | <0.001 |
| T5 | 4.22 d,D | 4.72 d,C | 5.11 cd,B | 5.38 cd,A | <0.001 | 2.30 cd,D | 2.71 d,C | 2.82 d,B | 3.33 d,A | <0.001 |
| T6 | 3.93 e,A | 4.11 e,C | 4.85 d,B | 5.09 d,A | <0.001 | 2.10 d,D | 2.42 de,C | 2.68 de,B | 3.15 de,A | <0.001 |
| SEM | 0.25 | 0.27 | 0.61 | 0.44 | 0.46 | 0.64 | 0.09 | 0.14 | ||
| p value | <0.001 | <0.001 | <0.001 | <0.001 | <0.001 | <0.001 | <0.001 | <0.001 | ||
| Samples/Microbial Count | E. coli | p Value | Coliform | p Value | ||||||
| Feeding Period (day) | 0 | 7 | 14 | 21 | 0 | 7 | 14 | 21 | ||
| Control | 2.22 a,C | 2.56 a,B | 2.92 a,AB | 3.12 a,A | <0.001 | 2.91 a,D | 3.33 a,C | 3.62 a,B | 4.02 a,A | <0.001 |
| T1 | 2.01 ab,D | 2.32 ab,C | 2.62 ab,B | 2.81 ab,A | <0.001 | 2.72 ab,D | 3.05 ab,C | 3.43 ab,B | 3.81 ab,A | <0.001 |
| T2 | 1.88 b,D | 2.11 b,C | 2.31 b,B | 2.54 b,A | <0.001 | 2.44 b,D | 2.84 b,C | 3.11 b,B | 3.51 b,A | <0.001 |
| T3 | 1.56 bc,D | 1.92 c,C | 2.15 bc,B | 2.37 bc,A | <0.001 | 2.21 bc,D | 2.58 bc,C | 2.94 bc,B | 3.23 c,A | <0.001 |
| T4 | 1.34 c,C | 1.73 c,B | 1.96 c,A | 2.08 c,A | <0.001 | 1.94 c,C | 2.11 c,C | 2.77 c,B | 3.07 cd,A | <0.001 |
| T5 | 1.12 cd,D | 1.54 cd,C | 1.64 cd,B | 1.82 cd,A | <0.001 | 1.66 cd,C | 1.84 d,C | 2.52 cd,B | 2.88 d,A | <0.001 |
| T6 | 0.85 d,C | 1.29 d,B | 1.48 d,A | 1.53 d,A | <0.001 | 1.48 d,D | 1.62 de,C | 2.29 d,B | 2.57 e,A | <0.001 |
| SEM | 0.21 | 0.23 | 0.59 | 0.40 | 0.42 | 0.60 | 0.07 | 0.10 | ||
| p value | <0.001 | <0.001 | <0.001 | <0.001 | <0.001 | <0.001 | <0.001 | <0.001 | ||
Means followed by different lower case in the same column indicate significant difference (p < 0.05), different uppercase letters in same raw within each parameter indicate significant differences (p < 0.05); T1: basal diet + 3.0 cm3 ZnNPs; T2: basal diet + 5.0 cm3 CurNPs; T3: basal diet + 2.0 cm3 Bl; T4: basal diet + 3.0 cm3 ZnNPs + 2 cm3 Bl; T5: basal diet +3.0 cm3 ZnNPs + 5.0 cm3 CurNPs and T6: basal diet +3.0 ZnNPs + 5.0 CurNPs + 2.0 cm3 Bl; TBC; Total bacterial count; TYMC: total yeast-mold count; E. coli: Escherichia coli; SEM: standard error mean. a–e, A–D: Different letters within one column are significantly different (p < 0.05). SEM: standard error means.