Figure 1.

Path coefficients for Model 2

Note. Control variable include mother and father ethnicity, education, and age; mother’s poverty status, 5–9 instability, and new children; children’s gender, age temperament, early childhood EPB.

The paths shown indicate how the paths differ by moderating variables. On the left side of the model the paths are unmarried/married months. *p<.05, ** p<.01