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. 2021 Jun 30;10(7):1062. doi: 10.3390/antiox10071062

Figure 4.

Figure 4

Effects of pink pepper extract (PPE) on UVB-induced COX-2 expression and MAPK phosphorylation in HaCaT cells. (A) PPE suppressed UVB-induced COX-2 expression in HaCaT cells. Cells were treated with the indicated concentration of PPE for 1 h and then stimulated with UVB (0.03 J/cm3) for 4 h. (B) Quantification of COX-2 expression by PPB and PPS. (C) PPE suppressed UVB-induced phosphorylation of ERK1/2, but not p38 and JNK1/2. Cells were treated with PPE for 1 h and then stimulated with UVB (0.03 J/cm3) for 30 min. (D) PPB and PPS did not affect the cell viability at the tested concentrations. The cells were treated with increasing concentration of PPB and PPS for 24 h. Phosphorylated MAPK and COX-2 expression were detected by Western blot. Data are presented as mean ± standard deviation of three independent experiments. # p < 0.05 between control and LPS-exposed cells (no PPE); *** p < 0.001.