Table 2.
The essential and desirable PBM parameters that should be reported to standardise the laser protocol for TMD patients, improve methodology reproducibility among clinicians and facilitate the comparison of results among researchers [136]. All the abbreviations in this table are listed in Supplementary File S2.
| Essential Reported Parameters | Desirable Reported Parameters | ||
|---|---|---|---|
| Device Information | Irradiation Parameters | Treatment Parameters | Energy per Pulse (J) |
| Manufacturer | Wavelength (nm) | Beam spot size at target (cm2) | Polarisation |
| Model identifier | Spectral bandwidth (nm) | Irradiance at target (mW/cm2) | Aperture diameter (cm) |
| Emitters type (e.g., nGaAlP LED, GaAlAs LASER, KTP LASER) | Operating mode (CW, pulsed, super pulsed) | Exposure duration (sec) | Irradiance at aperture (mW/cm2) |
| Number of emitters | Frequency (Hz) | Radiant exposure (J/cm2) | Beam divergence (°) |
| Spatial distribution of emitters. (e.g., 4 emitters spaced 2 cm apart in a square pattern). | Pulse width (second) | Radiant energy (J) | Beam shape |
| Beam delivery system (e.g., fibreoptic, free air/scanned, hand-held probe). | Duty cycle (%) | Number of points irradiated | Scanning technique |
| Beam profile | Area irradiated (cm2) | Speed of movement | |
| Application technique | |||
| Number and frequency of treatment sessions | |||
| Total radiant energy (J) | |||