Table 3.

Univariate Pairwise Comparisons of Grade Level and Low Math Ability Moderator

Demographic	beta	95% CI		k
		LL	UL
Grade level
1–2 vs. 3–5	.08*†	.02	.15	157
1–2 vs. 6–8	−.04	−.11	.04	184
1–2 vs. 9–12	−.07*	−.14	−.01	167
1–2 vs. PS	.03	−.05	.10	423
1–2 vs. Non-student adults	−.05	−.14	.03	88
3–5 vs. 6–8	−.11**	−.19	−.04	205
3–5 vs. 9–12	−.14***	−.21	−.08	188
3–5 vs. PS	−.05	−.11	.02	444
3–5 vs. Non-student adults	−.14*	−.25	−.02	109
6–8 vs. 9–12	−.03	−.09	.02	215
6–8 vs. PS	.07**	.02	.12	471
6–8 vs. Non-student adults	−.02	−.13	.08	136
9–12 vs. PS	.10***	.05	.14	454
9–12 vs. Adult	.01	−.08	.10	119
PS vs. Non-student adults	−.09	−.19	.01	375
Low math ability
Low math ability vs. non-low math ability	−.21**	−.37	−.04	747

Note.

^*p < .05

^**p < .01

^***p < .001

^†predictor variables no longer significant after

Benjamini-Hochberg correction; k = number of effect sizes

PS = Postsecondary.