| bCH | bovine chondrocytes |
| bFGF | basic fibroblast growth factor |
| BMPs | bone morphogenetic proteins |
| FBS | fetal bovine serum |
| hBMSC | human bone marrow stromal cells |
| hSDSC | human synovial derived stem cells |
| IVT | in vitro-transcribed |
| LNP | lipid nanoparticles |
| NPs | nanoparticles |
| NSAID | non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs |
| OA | osteoarthritis |
| ORF | open reading frame |
| PBS | phosphate-buffered saline |
| P/S | penicillin/streptomycin |
| RUNX | runt-related transcription factor |
| rTDSPC | rat tendon derived stem/progenitor cells |
| TNFα | tumor necrosis factor-alpha |
| TGFβ | transforming growth factor β |
| UTR | untranslated regions |