Table 2.
Clinical characteristics of participants (N = 554).
| All Sample N = 554 |
Obesity BMI ≥30 kg/m2 n = 135 |
Non-Obesity BMI < 30 kg/m2 n = 419 |
Test Statistics | ||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Continuous Variables |
1 (Range) |
(Range) |
(Range) |
t | df 1 | p (t-Test) | Effect Size 2 |
| Years elapsed since the breast cancer treatment |
5.59 (0–43) |
5.10 (0–27) |
5.72 (0–43) |
0.89 | 552 | 0.3743 | 0.09 |
| Number of lymph nodes removed |
8.41 (1–35) |
7.44 (1–35) |
8.71 (1–35) |
0.32 | 552 | 0.7508 | 0.03 |
| Categorical Variables | n (%) | n (%) | n (%) | Pearson χ2 | df | p (χ2) | Effect Size |
| Lymphedema diagnosis | 7.25 | 1 | 0.007 | 0.11 | |||
| Yes | 122 (22.02) | 41 (30.37) | 81 (19.33) | ||||
| No | 432 (77.98) | 94 (69.63) | 338 (80.67) | ||||
| Diabetes | 11.32 | 1 | 0.001 | 0.14 | |||
| Yes | 22 (3.97) | 12 (8.89) | 10 (2.39) | ||||
| No | 532 (96.03) | 123 (91.11) | 409 (97.61) | ||||
| Lymph node procedures | 1.50 | 1 | 0.221 | 0.05 | |||
| Axillary lymph node dissection | 328 (59.21) | 86 (63.70) | 242 (57.76) | ||||
| Sentinel lymph node biopsy | 226 (40.79) | 49 (36.30) | 177 (42.24) | ||||
| Radiotherapy | 1.49 | 1 | 0.222 | 0.05 | |||
| Yes | 400 (72.20) | 103 (76.30) | 297 (70.88) | ||||
| No | 154 (27.80) | 32 (23.70) | 122 (29.12) | ||||
| Chemotherapy | 0.52 | 1 | 0.471 | 0.03 | |||
| Yes | 355 (64.08) | 90 (66.67) | 265 (63.25) | ||||
| No | 199 (35.92) | 45 (33.33) | 154 (36.75) | ||||
| Hormonal Therapy | 0.10 | 1 | 0.754 | 0.01 | |||
| Yes | 463 (83.57) | 114 (84.44) | 349 (83.29) | ||||
| No | 91 (16.43) | 21 (15.56) | 70 (16.71) | ||||
1 SD: Standard Deviation; df: degree of freedom; 2 Effect size: Cohen’s d for continuous variables and Cramer’s V for categorical variables.