Figure 1.

Brain and blood vessels presentation assessed as the relative volume, % of volume in healthy, before ligation (100%), and then in the rats with occluded superior sagittal sinus, immediately after ligation (occluded superior sagittal sinus (SSS) before medication, white bars), and then after therapy (occluded superior sagittal sinus (SSS) after medication) at 1 min, 5 min, and 10 min ligation-time. Therapy was saline 5 mL/kg (white bars), BPC 157 10 µg/kg (light gray bars), 10 ng/kg (dark gray bars). In the assessment of the brain swelling progress or elimination, the medication effect was shown when given intragastrically (a), locally at the swollen brain (b), or intraperitoneally (c); or intragastrically with azygos (d), superior mesenteric (e), and inferior caval vein (f) assessment (while the effects of the intraperitoneal and local application regimens, providing the similar results were not specifically shown). Means ± SD, * p ˂ 0.05, at least vs. corresponding control; ^# p ˂ 0.05, at least vs. regular healthy values.