TABLE 1.
Details of the PopPK models used
| PHT | LEV | VPA | |
|---|---|---|---|
| Reference | Tanaka et al. 5 | Uges et al. 6 | Park et al. 7 |
| Population |
24 healthy volunteers +14 adult patients +33 pediatric patients Mean age 19.6 (±15.6) Mein weight 43.8 (±21.3) |
≥18 years (mean age 64 years; mean weight 64 kg) | ≥16 years (mean age 45 years; mean weight 60 kg) |
| PK Model | Two‐compartment | Two‐compartment | One‐compartment |
| CL (L/HR/60 KG) | 1.61 (44% CV) | 2.86 (30.9% CV) | 0.849 (32% CV) |
| V (L/60 KG) | 20.8 (40.1% CV) | 27.0 (18.7% CV) | 15.1 (18% CV) |
| V(peripheral) (L/60 KG) | 26 (20.7% CV) | – | – |
| Q | 53 (52.1% CV) | – | – |
| K12 (/HR) | – | 0.24 (50% CV) | – |
| K21 (/HR) | – | 0.70 (31.4% CV) | – |
| RUV reported |
3.85% CV (exponential) 0.56 SD (additive) |
Not reported | 26.7% CV (Proportional) |
| RUV used | 20% CV (proportional) | 20% CV (proportional) | 26.7% CV (Proportional) |
| Dose | 20 mg/kg for ≤75 kg; 1500 mg for >75 kg | 60 mg/kg for ≤75 kg; 4500 mg for >75 kg | 40 mg/kg for ≤75 kg; 3000 mg for >75 kg |
Abbreviations: CL, clearance; CV, coefficient of variation; LEV, levetiracetam; PHT, phenytoin; PK, pharmacokinetic; PopPK, population pharmacokinetics; RUV, residual unexplained variability; SD, standard deviation; V, volume; VPA, valproic acid.