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. 2021 Jun 22;11(7):918. doi: 10.3390/biom11070918

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© 2021 by the authors.

Licensee MDPI, Basel, Switzerland. This article is an open access article distributed under the terms and conditions of the Creative Commons Attribution (CC BY) license (https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/).

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Adipose tissue is a source of diverse cell types for application in regenerative medicine. Adipocytes are separated from the stromal vascular fraction (SVF) by collagenase digestion and centrifugation. Adipose-derived stem cells (ASCs) expanded in culture display characteristics of mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) but are still heterogeneous (Section 6 and Section 7). Sorting of ASCs by SSEA3 expression isolates multilineage-differentiating stress-enduring (Muse) cells (Section 8). Dedifferentiated fat (DFAT) cells can be generated from floating adipocytes using ceiling culture or cell filter methods (Section 9).