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. 2021 Jul 2;11(7):975. doi: 10.3390/biom11070975

Figure 8.

Figure 8

Ethanolic extracts of Artemisia annua and ART are able to act as a TNF-α inhibitor in the presence or absence of LPS. SH-SY5Y cells were treated for 24 h with STD Artemisinin and AA Ethanol 90% (A) or pre-treated for 2 h with the same treatments and then subjected to a LPS stimulus for 24 h (B). Cells were then processed in order to measure TNF-α m RNA levels by real-time PCR. GAPDH was used to normalize the results. Data are shown as mean ± SEM. Statistically significant differences are represented as follows: **** p ≤ 0.0001, *** p ≤ 0.001, and ** p ≤ 0.01 versus untreated cells and #### p < 0.0001, ### p ≤ 0.001, and # p ≤ 0.05 versus LPS.