Table 2.
Changes in nitro-oxidative stress indices concentration in the period of whole-body cryotherapy (WBC) application in the group of long-distance runners (RUN) and in the group of non-training men (UTR).
| ANOVA | |||||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Variable | WBC | Total | RUN | UTR | PA | WBC | PA × WBC | ||
| iNOS | T1 | Mean ± SD | 3.46 ± 0.25 | 3.48 ± 0.23 | 3.45 ± 0.27 | F | 0.16 | 5.95 | 0.22 |
| (ng/mL) | ΔT2vsT1 | Mean (95% CI) | −0.04 (−0.18, 0.11) | −0.08 (−0.30, 0.14) | 0.01 (−0.22, 0.24) | p | 0.69 | <0.01 | 0.88 |
| ΔT3vsT1 | Mean (95% CI) | 0.38 (0.17, 0.59) | 0.42 (0.08, 0.75) | 0.34 (0.03, 0.66) | η2 | 0.01 | 0.25 | 0.01 | |
| ΔT4vsT1 | Mean (95% CI) | 0.13 (−0.15, 0.40) | 0.15 (−0.23, 0.54) | −0.39 (0.59, −0.70) | 1-β | 0.07 | 0.94 | 0.09 | |
| ADMA | T1 | Mean ± SD | 0.52 ± 0.16 | 0.55 ± 0.16 | 0.50 ± 0.16 | F | 0.08 | 1.25 | 1.01 |
| (µmol/L) | ΔT2vsT1 | Mean (95% CI) | 0.01 (−0.05, 0.08) | −0.04 (−0.10, 0.03) | 0.06 (−0.05, 0.18) | p | 0.78 | 0.30 | 0.40 |
| ΔT3vsT1 | Mean (95% CI) | 0.05 (−0.01, 0.12) | 0.05 (−0.04, 0.15) | 0.06 (−0.06, 0.18) | η2 | <0.01 | 0.06 | 0.05 | |
| ΔT4vsT1 | Mean (95% CI) | 0.04 (−0.03, 0.11) | 0.03 (−0.06, 0.12) | 0.05 (−0.07, 0.17) | 1-β | 0.06 | 0.31 | 0.26 | |
| 3-NTR | T1 | Mean ± SD | 159.30 ± 86.86 | 170.40 ± 50.29 | 148.20 ± 114.57 | F | 0.68 | 1.13 | 0.43 |
| (nmol/L) | ΔT2vsT1 | Mean (95% CI) | −5.20 (−15.70, 5.30) | −5.20(−26.53, 16.13) | −5.20 (−14.65, 4.25) | p | 0.42 | 0.35 | 0.73 |
| ΔT3vsT1 | Mean (95% CI) | −13.70 (−31.78, 4.38) | −9.20 (−30.95, 12.55) | −18.20 (−51.60, 15.20) | η2 | 0.04 | 0.06 | 0.02 | |
| ΔT4vsT1 | Mean (95% CI) | −9.40 (−29.13, 10.33) | −2.00 (−34.04, 30.04) | −16.80 (−45.63, 12.03) | 1-β | 0.12 | 0.29 | 0.13 | |
| HCY | T1 | Mean ± SD | 14.07 ± 3.04 | 12.84 ± 1.84 | 15.30 ± 3.57 | F | 2.75 | 0.11 | 0.75 |
| (µmol/L) | ΔT2vsT1 | Mean (95% CI) | 0.02 (−1.22, 1.25) | 0.28 (−1.09, 1.65) | −0.25 (−2.6, 2.12) | p | 0.11 | 0.951 | 0.528 |
| ΔT3vsT1 | Mean (95% CI) | −0.10 (−1.62, 1.42) | 0.57 (−1.37, 2.51) | −0.77 (−3.42, 1.88) | η2 | 0.13 | 0.01 | 0.04 | |
| ΔT4vsT1 | Mean (95% CI) | −0.30 (−1.88, 1.27) | −0.51 (−1.56, 0.54) | −0.10 (−3.42, 3.22) | 1-β | 0.35 | 0.07 | 0.20 |
SD: standard deviation, CI: confidence interval, T1: measurement before 1 WBC, T2: measurement after 12 WBC, T3: measurement after 24 WBC, T4: measurement 7 days after completing WBC treatments, ΔvsT1: difference in results for points T2, T3 and T4 vs. T1; iNOS: inducible nitric oxide synthase, ADMA: asymmetric dimethylarginine, 3-NTR: 3- nitrotyrosine, HCY: homocysteine; η2: partial eta squared (0.010–0.059 = small clinical effect, 0.060–0.139 = moderate clinical effect, ≥ 0.14 = large clinical effect), 1-β: power of statistical test.