Table 1.
Case Reports Reporting the Presence of LVOTO in Patients With Ebstein’s Anomaly
| First Author (Ref. #) | Year | Pre- or Post-Operative | Associated Lesions | Cause of LVOT |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Isobe (8) | 1996 | Pre-operative | ASD and accessory mitral valve | Parachute-shaped accessory mitral tissue |
| de Agustin (7) | 2008 | Pre-operative | HOCM | HOCM |
| Ulus (9) | 2011 | Pre-operative | Enlarged, redundant mitral valve leaflets and chordae | Anterior leaflet mitral valve |
| Lee (6) | 2016 | Pre-operative | HOCM | HOCM |
| Waterhouse (10) | 2016 | Pre-operative | Nil | Bowing of atrialized RV septum into LVOT |
| Hirata (11) | 2016 | Pre-operative | SAM and severe MR | Bowing of atrialized RV septum into LVOT |
ASD = atrial septal defect; HOCM = hypertrophic obstructive cardiomyopathy; LVOT = left ventricular outflow tract; MR = mitral regurgitation; RV = right ventricular; SAM = systolic anterior motion.